NON-REPORTABLE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.1591 OF 2007
KASHINATH MONDAL … APPELLANT
Vs.
STATE OF WEST BENGAL … RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT
(SMT.) RANJANA PRAKASH DESAI, J.
1. The appellant – Kashinath Mondal was tried by the Additional Sessions
Judge, Arambagh, Hooghly in S.T. Case No.66 of 2000 for offences punishable
under Sections 376 and 302 of the Indian Penal Code (for short, “the IPC”).
Learned Sessions Judge convicted the appellant under Sections 376 of the
IPC and sentenced him to suffer RI for 10 years and to pay a fine of
Rs.5,000/-, in default, to suffer further RI for one year. The appellant
has also been convicted under Section 302 of the IPC and sentenced to
suffer RI for life and to pay a fine of Rs.10,000/-, in default to suffer
RI for two years. The substantive sentences are ordered to run
concurrently.
2. According to the prosecution, on the night of 30/10/1997, complainant
- Tarak Chandra Mondal was sleeping in his house. His house has ground plus
one floor. There are two rooms on the first floor of the said house. Out
of the two rooms, one room was under the occupation of the appellant, who
is his brother. The adjacent northern room of the first floor was under
the occupation of complainant’s daughters – Pampa and Sampa. The entire
ground floor premises were occupied by members of the complainant’s family
which includes his mother. The ground floor premises were enclosed by iron
grills. On the night intervening 30/10/1997 and 31/10/1997, Sampa, the
second daughter of the complainant had gone out to watch a video show,
which was held very close to the complainant’s house to celebrate Kali
Pooja. After departure of Sampa, the entrance gate was closed by putting
padlock. One key each of the said padlock was retained by the complainant
and his brother. The eldest daughter of the complainant – Pampa was alone
in her room on the first floor. The appellant was sleeping in his room.
His wife had gone to her parent’s house. It was not possible for anyone to
enter or leave the house without unlocking the gate.
3. At about 2.45 a.m., Sampa returned from the video show. On hearing
the call of Sampa, complainant’s mother opened the gate. Sampa then
straight away went to her room on the first floor. She saw her elder
sister Pampa lying dead in a naked condition on the floor. She started
shouting. On hearing her cries, the complainant and members of his family
rushed to the upper floor. On seeing the dead body of Pampa, they also
started shouting. At that time, the appellant came out from his room,
which is situated adjacent to the room where the body of Pampa was lying.
The neighbours of the complainant also came to the place of occurrence.
Since at the relevant time, Pampa and the appellant were the only occupants
of the first floor and since the exit doors of the house were locked from
inside, the complainant firmly believed that the heinous crime of murder
and rape had been committed only by the appellant. The complainant, then
lodged a written complaint before O.C., Khanakul Police Station. In the
complaint, the complainant disclosed that his relations with his brother
Kashinath i.e. the appellant were strained on account of property dispute.
He further stated that on a few occasions, quarrels had taken place between
the appellant and his wife and daughters over domestic affairs and the
appellant had threatened them of dire consequences.
4. On the basis of the said written complaint, police registered a case
under sections 376 and 302 of the IPC against the appellant and, after
completion of investigation, the appellant came to be charged as aforesaid.
The appellant denied the prosecution case. He claimed to be tried. After
completion of trial, learned Additional Sessions Judge, Hooghly convicted
the appellant as aforesaid. The appeal preferred by the appellant was
dismissed by the High Court. Hence, this appeal.
5. We have heard Mr. Ansar Ahmad Chaudhary, learned counsel appearing
for the appellant and Mr. Raja Chatterjee, learned counsel appearing for
the respondent.
6. Mr. Ansar Ahmad Choudhary submitted that learned Sessions Judge as
well as the High Court fell into a serious error in convicting the
appellant. Counsel submitted that the prosecution case rests on
circumstantial evidence. However, the chain of circumstances, does not
point unerringly to the guilt of the appellant. It cannot be said that no
other hypothesis but that of the guilt of the appellant is possible on the
basis of the evidence adduced by the prosecution. Counsel pointed out that
PW-2 Dr. Gokul Modak has, in his cross-examination, stated that it cannot
be conclusively opined in the absence of any positive report of the
chemical examiner that the victim was raped. Therefore, the factum of rape
is not proved. Counsel pointed out that PW-5 Sri Kanta Khute, a friend of
the deceased has stated in his deposition that friends of the deceased viz.
he, Sanju Mondal and Subhankar used to visit the deceased and he had seen
the deceased at the video show on the night of the murder. It is,
therefore, possible that someone else entered the house of the deceased and
murdered her. Counsel submitted that the conduct of the appellant
militates against any possibility of his involvement in the crime. The
appellant on hearing voices of people came to the spot of incident. If he
was guilty of murder, he would have run away from there. Counsel submitted
that the prosecution failed to obtain finger prints from the site of
offence. In the absence of any clinching evidence, the appellant cannot be
convicted for rape and murder. Counsel submitted that admittedly, the
relations between the appellant and the family of the deceased were
strained on account of land dispute. The possibility of the complainant
involving the appellant in a false case, therefore, cannot be ruled out.
Counsel submitted that in the circumstances, the appellant deserves to be
acquitted. In any case, benefit of doubt must be given to him. Mr. Raja
Chatterjee on the other hand supported the impugned judgment and order.
7. Evidence of PW-1 Tarak Chandra Mondal, the complainant, who is the
father of the deceased is very relevant. According to him, on the ground
floor of his house, there are two rooms. Similarly, on the first floor of
his house, there are two rooms. He stated that on the night of the
incident i.e. on 30/10/1997, he was sleeping in the room on southern side
of the ground floor along with his wife PW-14 Kanan and youngest daughter
Anita. The room on the northern side of the ground floor was occupied by
his mother PW-18 Sagarika Mondal. He stated that the verandah on the
eastern side of ground floor was enclosed by iron grill fencing. The said
iron grill gate was locked on the night in question. According to him,
verandah on the northern side of his house was enclosed by wall with an
iron grill gate. There are two grill gates on the eastern verandah each
fitted in front of the two rooms on the ground floor. These two gates were
locked on the night in question. There is a similar verandah in front of
the rooms on the first floor. Those rooms are also covered by grill
fencing. The staircase on the northern side of the house leads to the
first floor verandah. The northern room on the first floor was occupied by
his two daughters viz. deceased Pampa and PW-17 Sampa. The southern room
on the first floor was occupied by the appellant. The staircase landing on
the first floor is situated near the northern room, which was occupied by
his two daughters. The said staircase leads to the roof of the said house.
At the landing of the staircase on the roof, there is one grill gate. The
said grill gate was locked at the relevant time. The situation of the
house and the description of the locking arrangement deposed to by PW-1
Tarak Chandra Mondal is important because it establishes that at the
relevant time, when the offence is stated to have been committed, all the
gates of the house were locked from inside. It must be stated here that
this case of PW-1 Tarak Mondal is supported by his wife PW-14 Kanan Mondal,
his second daughter PW-17 Sampa and his mother PW-18 Sagarika Mondal. They
have stood the test of cross-examination very well.
8. PW-1 Tarak Mondal further stated that in the night of 30/10/1997, the
appellant alone was present in the southern room of the first floor. His
wife had gone to her father’s place. A video show was arranged on the
occasion of Kalipuja near his house. His second daughter PW-17 Sampa had
gone to the show and deceased Pampa was alone in her room situate on the
northern side of the first floor. He further stated that all the members
of his family had gone to bed at about 9.00 p.m. At that time, he saw the
appellant going upstairs after locking the entrance gate. At about 12 O’
clock in the night, his wife woke him up and told him that some unusual
sound was coming from upstairs. He told her to ignore the same as that
might be the sound of generator, which was used for screening the video
show. According to him, at about 2.30 p.m. PW-17 Sampa returned from the
video show. PW-18 Sagarika Mondal, the mother of the complainant opened
the south-eastern gate. PW-17 Sampa went upstairs and raised a cry. He
and his wife PW-14 Kanan and his mother PW-18 Sagarika rushed upstairs. He
found deceased Pampa lying unconscious on her back on the floor of her
room. There were no clothes on the lower part of her person. He found her
gamchha beneath her neck. He also found marks of violence on her neck.
According to him, he immediately went up and checked the gate on the roof.
He found that the gate was locked. On hearing their cries, the appellant
came out of his room. On being questioned, the appellant who was fumbling
stated that he was not responsible for this mischief. PW-1 Tarak added
that his relations with the appellant were strained on account of property
dispute. He has been cross-examined at length. At the cost of repetition,
it must be stated that his case that the house was locked from inside on
the night in question has remained undented. Both the courts have recorded
this finding and we find no difficulty in concurring with them.
9. As rightly held by both the courts, this is not a case where PW-1
Tarak can be accused of this ghastly crime. He was sleeping on the ground
floor with his wife and he woke up only after Sampa arrived. Defence has
also not come out with this case. Evidence on record establishes that, at
the relevant time, apart from PW-1 Tarak and the appellant, there were no
other males in the house and pertinently on the first floor of the house
where Pampa was found raped and murdered only the appellant was present.
Once it is held that the deceased and the appellant were the only persons
on the first floor of the house and there was no possibility of anyone else
entering the house prior to PW-17 Sampa’s arrival in the house, the only
conclusion which can be drawn is that it is the appellant who was
responsible for Pampa’s murder. This conclusion is irresistible and is
supported by the admitted strained relationship between the appellant and
the complainant’s family on account of property dispute. It is true that
there is no eye-witness to the offence. But, what persuades us to agree
with the courts below is the fact that PW-18 Sagarika, the mother of the
appellant has deposed against him. No mother would ever falsely involve
her son in such a ghastly crime.
10. Assuming that the deceased had gone for the video show as stated by
PW-5 Sri Kanta Khute that has no relevance to the prosecution case.
According to PW-5 Sri Kanta Khute, he had seen the deceased at the video
show between 7.00 a.m. and 8.00 p.m. It is significant to note that except
this witness no other witness has stated so. It is also significant to
note that PW-1 Tarak’s evidence indicates that on the fateful night, the
family had dinner; that Pampa went upstairs after having dinner; that he
saw the appellant going upstairs at about 9.00 p.m. and that all of them
went to sleep at about 9.00 p.m. So Pampa was at home at 9.00 p.m.
Moreover, the incident occurred late in the night. This is clear from the
evidence of PW-1 Tarak Mondal and PW-14 Kanan. PW-14 Kanan has stated in
her evidence that she heard some unusual sound from the upper floor and she
woke up her husband who stated that the sound must be that of the
generator. PW-1 Tarak Mondal has confirmed this. The incident, therefore,
took place at about 12 O’ clock in the night and, therefore, deceased Pampa
being at the video show between 7.00 a.m. and 8.00 p.m., assuming it to be
true, has no adverse impact on the prosecution case.
11. That death was homicidal is not denied. It was argued that the
commission of rape is not proved. In this connection, it is necessary to
have a look at the evidence of PW-2 Dr. Gokul Modak, who had conducted the
postmortem of deceased Pampa. PW-2 Dr. Modak has stated that on
examination, he found the following injuries:
a) 3 Nos. bruises of ¼” x ¼” of the anterior aspect of front of the
neck.
b) Bruised discoloration over flank and back of neck.
c) Abrasions of multiple sizes and numbers over the dorsum of both
hands and fingers.
On dissection, he found the following:
a) Collection of blood along with patches of hemorrhages over the
hyoid cartilage and neck muscle
b) Hyoid bone fractured
c) Deep Synosis in the nails of toes and fingers
d) Lungs were congested & accumulation of fluid and blood
e) Hymen was rupture with bloody tinge.
PW-2 Dr. Modak stated that the death of the victim was caused by anti-
mortem rape and strangulation. Death was homicidal in nature.
12. So far as charge of rape is concerned, PW-2 Dr. Modak’s evidence and
the finding recorded in the Post Mortem Notes which we have reproduced in
the preceding paragraph establish that it is proved. It is true that in
the cross-examination, PW-2 Dr. Modak has admitted that whether the rupture
was old or of recent origin is not stated in the report and that the blood
detected at the rupture site might have been menstrual blood. But, he has
categorically stated that the dimensions of the vagina of the victim do not
indicate that she was habituated to sexual intercourse. His opinion that
there was rape is therefore correct and, in the circumstances, which we
have noted hereinabove, no one but the appellant could have been
responsible for the rape.
13. The appellant was arrested on 31/10/1997. His lungi was seized on
the same day. Serological report (Ex-9) records that semen was found on
the lungi. The report further states that no spermatozoon could be
detected in the urethral swab of the appellant. This finding is not
relevant because PW-6 Mr. Debasis Som, who has clinically examined the
appellant, has stated that he examined the appellant on 5/12/1997 whereas
the incident had taken place on 31/10/1997. Though the pubic hair and
vaginal swab of the deceased were preserved and sent for chemical analysis,
the report of the Serologist does not help the prosecution because the
Serologist could not conduct analysis because of insufficiency of blood.
PW-2 Dr. Modak has stated that the evidence of spermatozoon in vaginal swab
conclusively indicates sexual intercourse, but he has also stated that the
spermatozoon may not be detected in vagina 10 hours after rape. Obviously,
vaginal swab was chemically analyzed after a long lapse of time after the
rape. We have no manner of doubt that had the Investigating Agency
obtained the samples in a scientific manner and promptly sent them to the
Serologist that would have lent further support to the prosecution. There
is some substance in the grievance of learned counsel for the appellant
that the Investigating Agency also did not obtain finger prints from the
place of incident. But, it is well settled that remissness and
inefficiency of the Investigating Agency should be no ground to acquit a
person if there is enough evidence on record to establish his guilt beyond
reasonable doubt. It is said by this court in a number of cases that
irregularities or deficiencies in conducting investigation by prosecution
is not always fatal to the prosecution case. If there is sufficient
evidence to establish the substratum of the prosecution case, then
irregularities which occur due to remissness of the Investigating Agency,
which do not affect the substratum of the prosecution case, should not
weigh with the court. As we have already noted the only male apart from PW-
1 Tarak, the father of the deceased, who was present on the fateful night
with deceased Pampa in their house was the appellant. The house was locked
from inside. Therefore, we have no hesitation in confirming the concurrent
findings recorded by the trial court and the High Court on minute
examination of the evidence that it is the appellant who was responsible
for the rape and murder of deceased Pampa. It is argued that the conduct
of the accused shows that he is innocent. The accused did not run away
from the scene of offence. We find no substance in this submission. In
the facts of this case, if the appellant had ran away, that would have, in
fact, weakened his case and strengthened the prosecution case. The
decision to remain at the spot appears to be a calculated one. In the
circumstances, we are of the opinion that the prosecution has established
its case beyond reasonable doubt. There is no merit in the case.
14. The appeal is dismissed.
……………………………………………..J.
(SURINDER SINGH NIJJAR)
……………………………………………..J.
(RANJANA PRAKASH DESAI)
NEW DELHI,
JULY 31, 2012.
