LawforAll

advocatemmmohan

My photo
since 1985 practicing as advocate in both civil & criminal laws

WELCOME TO LEGAL WORLD

WELCOME TO MY LEGAL WORLD - SHARE THE KNOWLEDGE

Thursday, September 22, 2011

we are of the considered opinion that the case does not fall within the “rarest of rare cases”. The High Court was not =the High Court has confirmed the order of conviction dated 19.9.2001 passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Pune in Sessions Case No.41 of 2000 for the offences of rape and murder, however, altered the sentence of life imprisonment awarded by the Trial Court to death sentence while allowing the criminal appeal of the State for enhancement of punishment. = On 24.10.1999, Pooja, deceased, aged 10 years was playing on the road between her house and the house of the appellant at about 4 p.m. along with her brother Nitesh (PW.3) and sister. She was found missing by Nitesh (PW.3) who searched for her but in vain. Smt. Tara (PW.1) mother of Pooja, deceased, who had been away for work, on being informed came back and looked around but Pooja could not be traced. Smt. Tara (PW.1) reached the police station at 9.30 p.m. to lodge the First Information Report (hereinafter called the “FIR”). While Smt. Tara (PW.1) was still in the police station, Khushal (PW.10) son of the appellant arrived at the police station and informed the police that the appellant, who was addicted to liquor, told him that he had killed Pooja, deceased and her dead body was lying under the cot in his house.

                                                                  REPORTABLE




                 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

              CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION


             CRIMINAL APPEAL NOs. 2030-2031 of 2009




Haresh Mohandas Rajput                                            ...Appellant


                                       Versus


State of Maharashtra                                                ...Respondent





                                J U D G M E N T




Dr. B.S. CHAUHAN, J.


1.     These   appeals   have   been   preferred   against   the   impugned 


judgment   and   order   dated   11.1.2008   in   Criminal   Appeal 


Nos.1020/2001 and 401/2002 of the High Court of Bombay in which 


the High Court has confirmed the order of conviction dated 19.9.2001 


passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Pune in Sessions Case No.41 


of   2000   for   the   offences   of   rape   and   murder,   however,   altered   the 


sentence   of   life   imprisonment   awarded   by   the   Trial   Court   to   death 


sentence   while   allowing   the   criminal   appeal   of   the   State   for 


enhancement of punishment.

2.      FACTS:


A.      On 24.10.1999,   Pooja, deceased, aged 10 years was playing on 


the road between her house and the house of the appellant at about 4 


p.m. along with her brother Nitesh (PW.3) and sister.   She was found 


missing by Nitesh (PW.3) who searched for her but in vain.  Smt. Tara 


(PW.1)   mother of   Pooja, deceased, who had been away for work, on 


being informed came back and looked around but   Pooja could not be 


traced.     Smt.   Tara   (PW.1)   reached   the   police   station   at   9.30   p.m.   to 


lodge   the   First   Information   Report   (hereinafter   called   the   "FIR"). 


While   Smt.   Tara   (PW.1)   was   still   in   the   police   station,   Khushal 


(PW.10) son of the appellant arrived at the police station and informed 


the police that the appellant, who was addicted to liquor, told him that 


he had killed Pooja, deceased and her dead body was lying under the 


cot in his house.  The police acted on the information and reached the 


spot and found that a large number of persons had gathered there and 


the appellant  was sitting outside his home.




B.      The   dead   body  of   Pooja   was   recovered   from   the   house   of   the 


appellant   and   panchnama   was   prepared.     Appellant   was   arrested   and 


after   completing   the   investigation,   the   chargesheet   was   filed     against 


him   under   Sections   302   and   376   of   the   India   Penal   Code,   1860 




                                                                                        2

(hereinafter called "IPC") . During the trial, the prosecution examined a 


large number of witnesses in support of its  case and after conclusion of 


the   trial,   the   Trial   Court   vide   judgment   and   order   dated   19.9.2001 


convicted   the   appellant   and   sentenced   him   to   undergo   life 


imprisonment under Section 302 IPC and 10 years imprisonment under 


Section   376   IPC.     However,   both   the   sentences   were   directed   to   run 


concurrently.




C.     Being aggrieved,  the State  of Maharashtra  preferred  the  appeal 


for   enhancement   of   sentence   and   the   appellant   also   filed  an   appeal 


against his conviction.   The High Court vide impugned judgment and 


order dated 11.1.2008 upheld the conviction and enhanced the sentence 


to death penalty, while disposing of both the appeals. 


               Hence, these appeals.




RIVAL SUBMISSIONS:


3.     Shri   D.N.   Goburdhan,   learned   counsel   appearing   for   the 


appellant, has submitted that there is no evidence on record to connect 


the   appellant   with   the   crime.   Circumstantial   evidence   was   not   to   the 


effect   that   it   would   indicate   towards   the   guilt   of   the   appellant   in 


exclusion   of   any   hypothesis   of   innocence.   There   are   material 





                                                                                      3

inconsistencies in the statements of the witnesses which go to the root 


of the case.   There is no sufficient evidence on record on the basis of 


which conviction of the appellant could be recorded.   However, under 


no   circumstance   the   High   Court   could   be   justified   in   enhancing   the 


punishment   from   life   imprisonment   to   death   sentence.     Thus,   the 


appeals deserve to be allowed.




4.     Per contra, Shri Arun R. Pednekar, learned counsel appearing for 


the   State,   has   opposed   the   appeals   contending   that   the   courts   below 


have taken into consideration  a large number of circumstances  which 


stood proved to establish the guilt of the appellant.   The dead body of 


Pooja, deceased,   was recovered from the house of the appellant.  The 


medical report revealed that she had been killed by strangulation after 


being subjected to sexual assault.  The inconsistencies in the statements 


of the witnesses, if any, are of trivial nature.   The concurrent findings 


of   facts   recorded   by   the   courts   below   on   the   basis   of   which   the 


appellant   has   been   convicted,   do   not   require   any   interference.     The 


appeals lack merit and are liable to be dismissed.




5.     We   have   considered   the   rival   submissions   made   by   learned 


counsel for the parties and perused the record.





                                                                                    4

FACTS UNDISPUTED:


6.           Indisputably, the dead body of Pooja was found inside the house 


of the appellant with blood stains under the cot.  There had been blood 


stains on the bed-sheet and on the floor underneath the cot. Appellant 


could not offer any explanation  whatsoever as how the dead body of 


the   victim   girl   could   reach   his   house.     More   so,   there   is   nothing   on 


record to controvert the evidence of the doctor who conducted the post-


mortem and opined that there had been sexual assault on the victim and 


she   died   of   strangulation   and   there   had   been   ligature   marks   on   her 


neck.    Appellant  was  present  in  his   house  when   police   arrived  there. 


The alibi taken by the appellant that he had gone to a liquor shop for 


drinks leaving his house open remained unsubstantiated and was found 


to be false.     




INJURIES:


7.           Dr. P.D. Rokade, PW-7, conducted the post-mortem examination 


on 25.10.1999 on the body of Pooja and found the following injuries: 


       1.        Contused   abrasion   over   the   labia   majora   from   the 

       junction behind the backwards size 1 x 0.25 cm/oblique. 


       2.        Crescent   marks   on   the   labia   majnora   near   the   clitoris 

       size 0.25 cm. 





                                                                                           5

     3.      Abrasion with radial from the labia minora behind and 

     backwards noted. 


     4.      Four chit the torn radially and bruised. 


     5.      Posterial commisure torn.  


     6.      Hymen lacerated along 3 and 9 O'clock position. 




              Dr.   P.D.   Rokade   (PW.7)   found   following   injuries   on   external 


examination: 


     1. Contused abrasion left frontal eminence size 0.25 x 0.25 cms. 

     Single.  


     2. Crescent abrasion right upper lip lateral aspect size 0.5 x 0.25 

     cm. horizontal. 


     3. Contusion right ala of nose 0.5 x 0.1 cms. 


     4. Contusion right orbital plate 2 cms below the outer canthus, 

     size 1 x 0.25 cms. Oblique. 


     5. Crescent abrasion right angle of mouth 0.25 x 0.25 cm . 


     6. Contused abrasion right cheek 4 in No.1 below another with 

     1 cm. apart oblique in direction of size 1.5 x 0.5 cm.  


     7.   Ligature   mark   around   the   neck   over   the   thyroid   cartilage 

     extending from left sternclodomastoid upto the right posterior 

     triangle   of   neck   size   15   cm.  x   1.5   cm.  on   left   and   1   cm.  on 

     right side. 


     8. Ligature  mark  is 7 cm. below left  ear 6.5 cm. below chin 

     and 8 cm. below right  ear and is more prominent on left side. 


     9.   Contusion   right   anterior   triangle   of   neck   2   cm.   x   0.5   cm. 

     irregular.  




                                                                                              6

         10. Crescent abrasion over right forearm and wrist 7 in No. of 

         0.1 to 0.25 cm. and  1-2 cm.  apart. 


         11.   Crescent   abrasion   left   forearm   and   wrist   externally   2   in 

         number 4 cm. part size 0.1 to 0.2 cm.


         12.   Old   unhealed   seen   over   the   left   knee   with   recent   scab 

         removal (granulate on tissue seen) size 2 x 1 cm. and 3 x 2 cm.


                    All the injuries were ante-mortem. 




           The   doctor   also   opined   that   injuries   to   genitals   mentioned   in 


column no. 151 may be possible due to sexual assault.   There injuries 


as   well   as   internal   injuries   mentioned   in   para   no.   20,   organs   of 


generations may be possible due to rape by a fully developed person by 


full penetration.  


                

                        The   age   of  the   injuries   was   24   hours   before   post-mortem 


examination.     Injuries   caused   by   finger   nails   referred   above   may   be 


caused  in  sexual  assault.   Injuries  mentioned  in  column no.  3 may   be 


possible due to resistance during sexual assault. 




                       The witness further opined that Pooja was raped and then 


murdered on 24.10.1999 between 4.00 p.m. to 10.00 p.m.


8.         The instant case is based on circumstantial evidence as there is 


no   eye-witness   of   the   incident   and   the   High   Court   has   awarded   the 




                                                                                             7

death   sentence   to   the   appellant.   Thus,   we   have   to   examine   as   to 


whether   the   prosecution   case   meets   the   requirement   of   proof   on 


circumstantial   evidence   and   the   facts   of   the   case   warranted   the 


imposition of death sentence. 




CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE:


9.           In  Krishnan  v.  State  represented   by   Inspector   of   Police, 


(2008) 15 SCC 430, this Court after considering a large number of its 


earlier judgments observed  that when a case rests upon circumstantial 


evidence, such evidence must satisfy the following tests:



        (i)   the   circumstances   from   which   an   inference   of  

        guilt is sought to be drawn, must be cogently and  

        firmly established;



        (ii)   those   circumstances   should   be   of   definite  

        tendency   unerringly   pointing   towards   guilt   of  the  

        accused;



        (iii) the circumstances, taken cumulatively, should  

        form a chain so complete that there is no escape  

        from   the   conclusion   that   with   all   human  

        probability   the   crime   was   committed   by   the  

        accused and none else; and



        (iv) the circumstantial evidence in order to sustain  

        conviction   must   be   complete   and   incapable   of  

        explanation   of   any   other   hypothesis   than   that   of  

        the guilt of the accused and such evidence should  

        not only be consistent with the guilt of the accused  

        but should be inconsistent with his innocence." 





                                                                                   8

        

                          Though   a   conviction   may   be   based   solely   on   circumstantial 


            evidence,   however,   the   court   must   bear   in   mind   the   aforesaid   tests 


            while deciding a case involving the commission of a serious offence in 


            a gruesome manner. 



            10.     In  Sharad  Birdhichand  Sarda  v.  State of Maharashtra, AIR 


            1984   SC   1622,   this   Court   observed   that   it   is   well   settled   that   the 


            prosecution's   case   must   stand   or   fall   on   its   own   legs   and   cannot 


            derive any strength from the weakness of the defence  put up by the 


            accused.  However,   a   false   defence   may   be   called   into   aid   only   to 


            lend   assurance   to   the   court   where   various   links   in   the   chain   of 


            circumstantial   evidence   are   in   themselves   complete.                        The 


            circumstances from which the conclusion of guilt is to be drawn should 


            be  fully  established.     The  same  should  be   of a  conclusive  nature  and 


            exclude all possible hypothesis except the one to be proved.  The facts 


            so established must be consistent with the hypothesis of the guilt of the 


            accused and the chain of evidence must be so complete as not to leave 


            any reasonable ground for a conclusion consistent with the innocence of 


            the accused and must show that in all human probability, the act must 


            have   been  done   by   the  accused.   The   Court  also   discussed   the  nature, 





                                                                                                   9

character and essential proof required in a criminal case which rests on 


circumstantial evidence alone and held as under:


        "(a) The circumstances from which the conclusion of  

        guilt is to be drawn should be fully established;


        (b) The facts so established should be consistent only  

        with the hypothesis of the guilt of the accused, that is  

        to   say,   they   should   not   be   explainable   on   any   other  

        hypothesis except that the accused is guilty;


        (c)   The   circumstances   should   be   of   a   conclusive  

        nature and tendency;


        (d)   They   should   exclude   every   possible   hypothesis  

        except the one to be proved; and


        (e) There must be a chain of evidence so complete as  

        not to leave any reasonable ground for the conclusion  

        consistent with the innocence of the accused and must  

        show that in all human probability the act must have  

        been done by the accused."                           



11.    A   similar   view   has   been   reiterated   by   this   Court   persistently 


observing that the evidence produced by the prosecution should be of 


such a nature that it makes the conviction of the accused sustainable. 


(See: Paramjeet Singh @ Pamma v. State of Uttarakhand, AIR 2011 


SC 200;  Wakkar  & Anr. v. State of Uttar Pradesh, (2011) 3 SCC 


306;  Mohd.  Mannan  @  Abdul Mannan  v.  State  of  Bihar,  (2011)  5 


SCC 317;  Inspector of Police, Tamil Nadu v. John David,  (2011) 5 





                                                                                   10

SCC   509;   and  SK.   Yusuf     v.   State   of   West   Bengal    AIR   2011   SC 


2283). 




DEATH
                 SENTENCE - WHEN WARRANTED:   


12.      The guidelines laid down in Bachan Singh v. State of  Punjab, 


AIR 1980 SC 898, may be culled out as under:


       "(i)             The   extreme   penalty   of     death   need   not   be  

       inflicted except in gravest cases of extreme culpability.


       (ii)      Before   opting   for   the   death   penalty,   the  

                 circumstances  of the offender  also  require to be  

                 taken   into   consideration   alongwith   the  

                 circumstances of the crime.


       (iii)     Life imprisonment is the rule and death sentence  

                 is an exception.   In other   words, death sentence  

                 must   be   imposed   only   when   life   imprisonment  

                 appears   to   be   an   altogether   inadequate  

                 punishment   having   regard   to   the   relevant  

                 circumstances   of   the   crime,   and   provided,   and  

                 only   provided,   the   option   to   impose   sentence   of  

                 imprisonment   for   life   cannot   be   conscientiously  

                 exercised   having   regard   to   the   nature   and  

                 circumstances   of   the   crime   and   all   the   relevant  

                 circumstances.


       (iv)      A   balance   sheet   of   aggravating   and   mitigating  

                 circumstances   has  to  be  drawn  up  and  in  doing  

                 so,   the   mitigating   circumstances   have   to   be  

                 accorded full weightage and just balance has to  

                 be   struck   between   the   aggravating   and   the  

                 mitigating   circumstances   before   the   option   is  

                 exercised."





                                                                                      11

13.     In  Machhi  Singh   & Ors.   v.  State   of    Punjab,   AIR  1983  SC 


957,   this   Court   expanded   the   "rarest   of  rare"   formulation   beyond   the 


aggravating   factors   listed   in  Bachan   Singh  to   cases   where   the 


"collective conscience" of a community is so shocked that it will expect 


the   holders   of   the   judicial   powers   centre   to   inflict   death   penalty 


irrespective   of   their   personal   opinion   as   regards   desirability   or 


otherwise  of   retaining  death penalty, such a penalty can be inflicted. 


But   the   Bench   in   this   case   underlined   that   full   weightage   must   be 


accorded to the mitigating  circumstances  in a case  and a just  balance 


had to be struck between aggravating and mitigating circumstances.




14.     "Rarest   of   the   rare   case"   comes   when   a   convict   would   be   a 


menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful co-existence of the 


society.       The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not be in the 


category   of   "rarest   of   the   rare   case".     There   must   be   no   reason   to 


believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and that he 


is   likely   to   continue   criminal   acts   of   violence   as   would   constitute   a 


continuing threat to the society. The accused may be a menace  to the 


society   and   would   continue   to   be   so,   threatening   its   peaceful   and 


harmonious co-existence. The manner in which the crime is committed 


must be such that it may result in intense and extreme indignation of the 




                                                                                      12

community and shock the collective conscience of the society.   Where 


an   accused   does   not   act   on   any   spur-of-the-moment   provocation   and 


indulges   himself   in   a   deliberately   planned   crime   and   meticulously 


executes it, the death sentence may be the most appropriate punishment 


for such a ghastly crime.  The death sentence may be warranted where 


the victims  are innocent children  and helpless  women.   Thus,  in case 


the crime is committed in a most cruel and inhuman manner which is an 


extremely brutal, grotesque, diabolical, revolting and dastardly manner, 


where   his   act   affects   the   entire   moral   fiber   of   the   society,   e.g.   crime 


committed   for   power   or   political   ambition   or   indulge   in   organized 


criminal   activities,     death   sentence   should   be   awarded.   (See:  C. 


Muniappan   &   Ors.   v.   State   of   Tamil   Nadu,  AIR   2010   SC   3718; 


Rabindra Kumar Pal alias Dara Singh v. Republic of India, (2011) 2 


SCC  490;  Surendra   Koli  v. State  of UP  & Ors.,  (2011) 4  SCC  80; 


Mohd. Mannan  (supra);  and  Sudam  @  Rahul   Kaniram    Jadhav    v. 


State of Maharashtra, (2011) 7 SCC 125). 


         

15.     Thus,   it   is   evident   that   for   awarding   the   death   sentence,   there 


must be existence of aggravating circumstances and the consequential 


absence   of   mitigating   circumstances.     As   to   whether   death   sentence 





                                                                                          13

should be awarded, would depend upon the factual scenario of the case 


in  hand.




16.    The instant appeals are required to be decided in the light of the 


aforesaid settled propositions of law. 




CIRCUMSTANCES:


17.    The following circumstances have been taken into consideration 


by the courts below while convicting the appellant: 




        (1)    Incident occurred in the house of the appellant. 


        (2)    Appellant   was   present   at   his   house   when   the   children 

               were playing. 


        (3)    Appellant   had   an   opportunity   to   take   Pooja   inside   the 

               house.


        (4)    During play Pooja was found missing. 


        (5)    Nitesh   (PW.3)   saw   Pooja   in   the   house   of   the   appellant 

               and asked him about it and he denied. 


        (6)    Appellant   admitted   before   his   mother   and   son   Khushal 

               (PW.10) to have killed Pooja. 


        (7)    Khushal   (PW.10)   had   given   information   at   the   Police 

               Station that his father/appellant  killed Pooja and put the 

               dead body below the cot in his house.


        (8)    Police Head Constable G.R. More (PW.4), Ashok (PW.2) 

               and Deepak Jawahar Agarwal (PW.8) went to the house 

               of the appellant and recovered   the dead body of Pooja. 




                                                                                  14

                  Explanation   given   by   the   appellant   that   he   had   gone   to 

                  liquor shop for drinking leaving his house open was not 

                  found to be acceptable.


        (9)       Recovery of rope used in the crime at the instance of the 

                  appellant from his house.


        (10)      Person   other   than   the   appellant   had   no   opportunity   to 

                  commit the crime. 




18.    So far as the first circumstance is concerned, material on record 


reveals that: 


        I.        Pooja's   dead   body   was   found   in   the   house   of   the 


        appellant. 


        II.       Ashok (PW.2) who took out the dead body stated that the 


        frock and knickers of the deceased were stained with blood. 


        III.   Clothes   of   the   deceased   were   seized   under   panchanama 


        Ex.20.   Panchanama   also   shows   that   the   clothes   were   stained 


        with   blood.   Ravindera   Pawar,   PSI   who   conducted   this 


        panchanama   has   also   stated   about   this   fact.   Cloth   pieces   and 


        bed  sheet   as   well  as   the  frock   and   knickers   sent   for  chemical 


        analysis.


        IV.       As   per   the   Chemical   Analysis   Report,   Ex.49,   these 


        articles were having human blood. 


        V.        The medical evidence referred earlier as well as inquest 


        panchanama, the admitted document, point out that Pooja was 


        sexually assaulted before murder. 


        VI.       Spot   panchanama   Ex.24   stood   proved   through   panch 


        witness Mohd. Sharif.  This witness has stated that there was a 




                                                                                      15

          bed sheet on the cot and it was having blood  stains over it. The 


          blood stains were also found below the cot on the floor.


          VII.    The bed sheet as  well as two cloth pieces having blood 


          stains were seized by the police. 



19.     There   is   no   reason   to   disbelieve   the   above   evidence/factors. 


Moreover, this aspect has not been challenged by the appellant at any 


stage   of   the   proceedings.   The   fact   that   blood   was   found   on   the   bed 


sheet, on the cot as well as on the floor below the cot clearly indicates 


that the incident occurred there only. It is very unlikely that the culprit 


committed   the   heinous   act   elsewhere   and   then   placed   Pooja's   dead 


body in appellant's house. 




20.     It   has   come   on   record   that   after   finding   Pooja   missing,   her 


brother Nitesh (PW.3) searched for her. On receiving the information 


that   Pooja   was   missing   her   mother   Smt.   Tara   (PW.1)   came   and 


searched for her. In such a fact-situation, where people came to know 


about the disappearance of Pooja within a very short span of time,  the 


culprit  could not have  had any  opportunity  to transfer  the body  from 


any   other   place   to   the   appellant's     house.   It   was   on   the   basis   of   the 


above   that   the   courts   below   came   to   the   conclusion   that   Pooja   was 


raped and murdered in the house of the appellant. The appellant in his 





                                                                                            16

examination under Section 313 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, 


(hereinafter called `Cr.P.C.), while answering Question Nos. 27, 28 and 


29   himself   admitted   that   he   was   sitting   outside   his   house   when   the 


police arrived. The police had searched his house and the dead body of 


Pooja lying below the cot in his house was recovered.   We do not see 


any   cogent   reason   to   interfere   with   finding   of   facts   recorded   by   the 


courts below on this count.  




21.     The second circumstance against the appellant had been that he 


was present at the place of occurrence when the children were playing. 


Both   the   courts   below   have   appreciated   the   evidence   on   record 


particularly   deposition   of   Nitesh   (PW.3)   and   held   that   appellant   was 


present at the place of occurrence at the relevant time. Nothing could 


be brought to our notice to contradict the findings of the courts below. 


Of   course,   the   Trial   Court   did   not   accept   the   evidence   of   Nitesh 


(PW.3), 12 years old child to the extent that the appellant had offered 


chocolates to him and Pooja, though Pooja had accepted it but Nitesh 


(PW.3) did not accept the same. The High Court while dealing with the 


evidence of Nitesh (PW.3) held that the children had been playing in 


front  of his   house   and  the  appellant  had  called   them  and  given  them 


chocolates.    Discrepancy  remained regarding  acceptance  of chocolate 




                                                                                      17

by Nitesh (PW.3), which of course, is not relevant enough for the case 


taking into consideration the other circumstances. 




22.     So   far   as   the   third   circumstance   is   concerned,   admittedly, 


appellant had been living for a long long time in close vicinity of the 


house of  Pooja, deceased and was very well acquainted with the victim 


as   well   as   her   family   members.     The   admitted   fact   remained   that 


appellant's mother and son, who were the other inmates of his house, 


had gone out to procure the medicines to cure his addiction and on the 


fateful day, appellant was alone in his house.   The children   had been 


busy   in   running   here   and   there   as   they   were   playing   hide   and   seek. 


Thus, it was not possible in such a fact-situation that every child could 


remain   attentive   on   every   moment   about   other   children.     Such 


circumstance gives an opportunity to a person having evil design. Thus, 


appellant had an opportunity to take the victim Pooja inside the house. 





23.     The fourth circumstance stood fully proved by the evidence on 


record, particularly by the depositions of Smt. Tara (PW.1) and  Nitesh 


(PW.3).   Nitesh   (PW.3)   deposed   that   as   Pooja   had   disappeared   he 


searched for her and as he could not find her out, he went to inform his 


mother Smt. Tara (PW.1), who at that relevant time had been at Shagun 




                                                                                      18

Chowk. Smt. Tara (PW.1) came back and searched for Pooja. More so, 


this   part   of   the   prosecution   case   has   never   been   challenged   by   the 


defence and it stands proved that Pooja disappeared while  playing  in 


front of the house of the appellant that evening. 




24.     The fifth circumstance   had been that Nitesh (PW.3) saw Pooja 


in the house of the appellant and on being asked, the appellant denied 


her presence. Nitesh (PW.3) is a child witness as at the relevant time he 


was 12 years of age. When he noticed that Pooja was not seen at the 


place of play he searched for her and asked in the neighbourhood  and 


when he could not trace her, only then he went to inform his mother 


Smt. Tara (PW.1) at Shagun Chowk and returned with her. They both 


searched for Pooja and as they failed to find her out, Smt. Tara (PW.1) 


went to the police and Nitesh (PW.3) stayed at home. Up to this extent, 


the prosecution case has not been challenged by the appellant. Nitesh 


(PW.3) has deposed that after his mother left for the police station, his 


friend   came   and   told   him   that   his   sister   was   in   the   house   of   the 


appellant.     So,   Nitesh   (PW.3)   went   there   from   the   back   side   of   the 


house and saw Pooja lying in the room.  He went to one Semabai and 


told her about it. Semabai entered the house from the backside of the 


house   of   the   appellant,   however,   could   not   see   Pooja   there.     Nitesh 




                                                                                      19

(PW.3)   asked   the   appellant   about   Pooja   but   he   denied   that   she   was 


there.   The   Trial   Court   after   appreciating   the   entire   evidence   on   the 


issue came to the conclusion that it was nothing but an imagination of 


Nitesh   (PW.3)   and   this   circumstance   was   not   proved.   We   have 


examined the evidence of Nitesh (PW.3) on this issue and we are of the 


considered opinion that conclusion reached by the Trial Court on the 


issue is correct and does not require any interference. 




25.    Circumstance No.6 relates to an extra-judicial confession by the 


appellant before his mother and son Khushal (PW.10) to the extent that 


he had killed Pooja.   According to the prosecution, Khushal (PW.10) 


alongwith   his   grandmother   had   gone   to   Kalyan   and   returned   in   the 


night and found that the lights of the house were off and the appellant 


was   present   therein.     The   appellant   became   annoyed   as   Khushal 


(PW.10) put on the lights and so Khushal (PW.10) put the lights off. 


When   he again put on the lights the appellant became very angry, on 


this the appellant's mother came in and at that time the appellant told 


them that he had committed the murder of Pooja and threatened them 


not   to   disclose   to   anybody.     Khushal   (PW.10)   ran   out   of   the   house, 


went   to   the   police   station   and   revealed   this   fact.     The   prosecution 


examined   Khushal   (PW.10),   however,   he   was   declared   hostile. 




                                                                                     20

Appellant's mother was not examined. Thus, the issue of extra-judicial 


confession was not proved. There is not enough evidence on record to 


prove this circumstance against the appellant  




26.         So far as the other part of this issue that Khushal (PW.10) had 


informed the police that the dead body was lying below the cot in his 


house,   the   courts   below   appreciated   his   evidence   with   full   care   and 


caution, being a hostile witness, as Khushal (PW.10) denied that he had 


gone to the police station in the night and gave information.  The Trial 


Court   came   to   the   conclusion   that   evidence   of   Smt.   Tara   (PW.1), 


Ashok   (PW.2),   Deepak   Jawahar   Agarwal   (PW.8),   and   G.R.   More 


(PW.4)   were   enough   to   establish   that   when   police   was  recording   the 


complaint of Smt. Tara (PW.1),   Khushal (PW.10) reached the police 


station crying and told them that his father had killed Pooja and kept 


the   dead   body   below   the   cot   in   his   house.   None   of   the   aforesaid 


witnesses had any animosity with the appellant and thus, there could be 


no   reason   to   enrope   him   falsely.   The   evidence   on   this   point 


particularly, is nowhere shakened during their cross-examination.  The 


information   was   given   to   the   police   in   close   vicinity   at   the   time   of 


commission of the crime, though exact time of death is not known. The 





                                                                                        21

courts below found the circumstance fully proved and we concur with 


the said finding.  




27.     So far as the eighth circumstance is concerned, it relates to the 


recovery of the dead body of Pooja from the house of the appellant. It 


is admitted in view of the depositions  of   Ashok  (PW.2), G.R.  More 


(PW.4)   and   Deepak   Jawahar   Agarwal   (PW.8)   that   the   dead   body   of 


Pooja   was   recovered   from   the   house   of   the   appellant.   According   to 


Deepak Jawahar Agarwal (PW.8), he had gone to police station along 


with Smt. Tara (PW.1) and it was in his presence that Khushal (PW.10) 


has   reached   the   police   station   and   revealed   that   his   father   had   killed 


Pooja and dead body was lying below the cot. He has further deposed 


that they came with the police to the house of the appellant and entered 


his house. During search, Ashok (PW.2) father of the deceased saw the 


dead body. It was taken out and put on a handcart. The appellant was 


standing   in   front   of   the   house   and   the   police   caught   him.     In   the 


suggestion   put   to   him,   he   has   denied   that   he   was   deposing   falsely. 


Ashok (PW.2), father of Pooja, deceased has corroborated the evidence 


of Deepak Jawahar Agarwal (PW.8) fully to the extent that he was also 


at the police station when Khushal came and revealed the fact that his 


father   had   killed   Pooja.   He   further   deposed   that   he   along   with   the 




                                                                                        22

policemen, entered the house of the appellant and recovered the dead 


body of his daughter, Pooja as it was lying below the cot in the house 


of the appellant.      Similarly, G.R. More (PW.4), Head Constable had 


deposed in this regard that he entered the house of the appellant along 


with   Ashok   (PW.2)   and   Deepak   Jawahar   Agarwal   (PW.8).     They 


searched the house and saw that a girl was lying below the cot therein. 


Ashok (PW.2) had taken her out. She was motionless. She was kept on 


a handcart. Appellant has admitted the recovery of Pooja's body from 


his   house   while   answering   Question   No.29   in   his   examination   under 


Section 313 Cr.P.C.  Thus, this circumstance to the extent that the dead 


body was recovered from the house of the appellant stood fully proved. 




               The   explanation   furnished   by   the   appellant   that   he   had 


gone to liquor shop for drinks leaving his house open, had to be proved 


by   him  in   view   of  the   provisions   of   Section   106   of   Indian   Evidence 


Act,   1872,   which   he   miserably   failed   and   the   courts   below   have 


disbelieved him.  Learned counsel for the appellant could not point out 


any single evidence on the basis of which a contrary inference can be 


drawn. 





                                                                                    23

28.     The recovery of rope used in the crime has been disbelieved by 


the Trial Court on the ground that such ropes were easily available in 


the   market.   Rope   so   recovered   did   not   contain   any   special   mark   for 


identification. The police had entered the house prior to Panchanama. 


Therefore, it could not be established  that the same rope had been used 


while   committing   the   crime.   Death   was   caused   by   strangulation. 


Though   the   High   Court   has   found   sufficient   material   to   believe   the 


recovery of the rope but in view of the fact that there was nothing on 


record to show that same rope had been used for committing the crime, 


the finding so recorded by the High Court loses significance. 




29.     This brings us to the next circumstance as to whether any other 


person   had   an   opportunity   to   commit   the   crime.   The   dead   body   was 


found from the house of the appellant. Any outsider may not know that 


the appellant's mother and son had gone out and they would not return 


till night. The outsider must not have an idea that house was lying open 


and   no   person   was   present   inside.     It   is   not   probable   that   a   person 


having no concern with such a house would dare to take a girl inside 


the house to fulfill lust and to kill her. The rape was committed on the 


cot that is why blood stains were found on it.  No outsider could have 


committed rape so comfortably using the cot in someone else's house. 




                                                                                        24

The dead body was found below the cot that indicates that the accused 


attempted   to   conceal   the   body.   Had   any   outsider   done   it,   after 


committing the crime he would have run away leaving the dead body 


on  the cot itself as he would have no reason to be afraid of search and 


trace   of   the  dead   body.     In  fact,  such   a  fear   exists   in  the   mind of  a 


person to whom the house belongs. The outsider would not make any 


attempt to conceal the dead body, as his prime concern remains to run 


away after commission of the crime.  


        The   evidence   led   by   the   prosecution   clearly   establishes   the 


aforesaid circumstances. 




30.     Out  of the  aforesaid   circumstances,   only   a  very   few which   are 


immaterial and are not vital to determine the case, stood fully proved 


against   the   appellant.   In   such   a   fact-situation,   we   do   not   find   any 


cogent   reason   to   interfere   with   the   well-reasoned   judgments   of   the 


courts below so far as the conviction of the appellant is concerned, and 


we affirm his conviction under Sections 302 and 376 IPC.  




                So far as the sentence part is concerned, in view of the law 


referred to hereinabove, we are of the considered opinion that the case 


does not fall within the "rarest of rare cases". The High Court was not 





                                                                                        25

justified   in   enhancing   the   punishment.   Thus,   in   the   facts   and 


circumstances   of   the   case,   we   set   aside   the   punishment   of   death 


sentence   awarded   by   the   High   Court   and   restore   the   sentence   of   life 


imprisonment awarded by the Trial Court.   


         With this modification, the appeals stand disposed of.  





                                                 .................................J.

                                                    (P. SATHASIVAM)




                                                    .................................J.

                                                    (Dr. B.S. CHAUHAN)


New Delhi, 

September 20, 2011





                                                                                     26