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summoning the appellant, in exercise of power under Section 319, Code of Criminal Procedure, to face trial in Sessions Trial= along with Muneshwar Singh, this appellant was the co-signatory and only with their signatures money could be withdrawn from the MNREGA account; therefore, in such a situation the statement emerging from the deposition of the complainant/informant R.D. Sharma, P.W.1 that amounts used to be withdrawn jointly by the appellant and the Muneshwar Singh, the Block Development Officer and hence they are also answerable for the embezzlement of the concerned amount could not have been ignored at the present stage in anticipation of defence of the appellant that she is illiterate and cannot sign her name and that she was duped or cheated by co- accused Rahul Yadav.- It is well accepted in criminal jurisprudence that F.I.R. may not contain all the details of the occurrence or even the names of all the accused. It is not expected to be an encyclopedia even of facts already known. There are varities of crimes and by their very nature, details of some crimes can be unfolded only by a detailed and expert investigation. This is more true in crimes involving conspiracy, economic offences or cases not founded on eye witness accounts. The fact that Police chose not to send up a suspect to face trial does not affect power of the trial court under Section 319 of the Cr.P.C. to summon such a person on account of evidence recorded during trial. This is the factual scenario in the case at hand also. It would not be proper for us to deal with detailed merits of the prosecution case or the defence case at this juncture. Hence, while dismissing the appeal, we make it clear that the observations made in the impugned orders or this order shall not have any adverse effect on the case of either of the parties. It is also made clear that the appellant shall be at liberty to take all the defence available to her, in accordance with law, in course of the trial. The appeal stands dismissed with the aforesaid observations.

                                                                  REPORTABLE

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

                       CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

                       CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 186 OF 2016
                [Arising out of S.L.P.(Crl.)No.3438 of 2014]


Hardei                                                   …..Appellant


      Versus


State of U.P.                                       …..Respondent



                               J U D G M E N T



SHIVA KIRTI SINGH, J.


This appeal is directed against order dated 29.01.2014 by the  Hon’ble  High
Court of Judicature at Allahabad dismissing Criminal  Revision  No.2554/2013
preferred by the appellant seeking relief  against  order  dated  09.07.2013
passed by the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Amroha, the trial Court,  summoning
the appellant, in exercise of power under  Section  319,  Code  of  Criminal
Procedure, to face trial in Sessions Trial No.9191 of 2010 (State Vs.  Omkar
&  Ors.)  arising  out  of  Case  Crime  No.1364  of  2010  under   Sections
420/467/468/471/409, IPC pertaining  to  Police  Station  Amadpur,  District
Amroha, Uttar Pradesh.

Before adverting to the rival submissions, the relevant facts may  be  noted
in brief.  The FIR bearing No. 53 of 2010 leading to this  case  was  lodged
on 20th July 2010 by R.D. Sharma, the Project Director  of  a  scheme  under
the Mahatma Gandhi National  Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Act  (hereinafter
referred to as ‘MNREGA’ Scheme). One Rahul Yadav,  a  Junior  Clerk  in  the
Amroha Block  Office  and  one  Omkar  Singh  were  named  as  accused  with
allegation that they had, as per enquiry report, prima  facie  embezzled  an
amount to the tune of Rs.49  Lacs  from  official  account  for  the  MNREGA
Scheme, thereby attracting offence under Section 409 IPC.
In the Special Leave Petition there is reference to another FIR bearing  No.
50 of 2010 dated 16th July, 2010 lodged by one Mr.  Muneshwar  Singh,  Block
Development Officer, Gangeshwari, (J.P. Nagar).  In this FIR the same  Rahul
Yadav, Junior Clerk alone has been named as an accused  with  allegation  of
cheating and embezzlement in respect of an amount of Rs.25 lacs  of  MNREGA.
However, in course of further hearing it was made clear by  learned  counsel
for the appellant that the present proceeding does not arise from  this  FIR
and the whole purpose of annexing a copy of this FIR was to  draw  attention
of this Court to allegations to  the  affect  that  the  appellant  although
signed cheques  for  withdrawal  of  money  from  MNREGA  account,  she  was
innocent and had been cheated by Rahul Yadav.
The written notes of arguments on behalf of the appellant also clarify  that
the instant proceedings arise only out of FIR No.  53  of  2010  leading  to
Crime No. 1364 of 2010.  The first charge-sheet  dated  3.10.2010  was  only
against Omkar Singh and the other was  filed  subsequently  against  accused
Rahul Yadav, after he surrendered.
The criminal case progressed as Trial  No.  9191  of  2010  and  after  some
witnesses had been examined, an application under Section 319  of  the  Code
of Criminal Procedure  was  filed  by  the  Prosecution  on  4.7.2013.   The
application discloses that the case was fixed for evidence  and  prosecution
had already examined five witnesses including PW-1,  R.D.  Sharma.   On  the
basis of evidence of prosecution witnesses recorded in the course of  trial,
it was urged in the application that involvement  of  Muneshwar  Singh,  the
then Block Development Officer and  the  appellant  Smt.  Hardei,  the  then
Block Pramukh  of  Kshetra  Panchayat,  Gangeshwari  had  emerged  and  such
materials were also  available  in  the  statement  of  concerned  witnesses
recorded under Section 161  of  Criminal  Procedure  Code.   The  prayer  to
summon both of them under Section 319 Cr.P.C. was considered by the  learned
Chief Judicial Magistrate, Amroha.  He, after  noticing  in  particular  the
statement made by R.D. Sharma as P.W.1, came to the  conclusion  that  prima
facie offence was made against both  the  proposed  accused  and  hence  the
application was allowed by order passed  on  9th  July,  2013.   As  already
noticed, the High Court affirmed the order of the  Magistrate  by  rejecting
Criminal Revision preferred by the appellant on  29.1.2014  and  that  order
has given rise to the present appeal.
Mr. R. K. Kapoor, learned counsel for the appellant has relied heavily  upon
the fact that the appellant was not named as an accused in the FIR  nor  any
charge-sheet was submitted against her after  completion  of  investigation.
He further submitted that the amount has been embezzled  mainly  by  accused
Rahul Yadav and Omkar Singh and therefore,  the  defence  of  the  appellant
that she was illiterate lady who does  not  know  even  to  sign  much  less
reading or writing should have been accepted by the Magistrate and the  High
Court.  It was pointed out that in the FIR lodged  by  co-accused  Muneshwar
Singh against Rahul Yadav, the defence of the appellant  was  clearly  spelt
out.
Learned counsel for the State of U.P.,  on  the  other  hand  supported  the
summoning order of Chief Judicial Magistrate as  well  as  the  order  under
appeal by the High Court.  According to him, there is no denial of the  fact
that along with Muneshwar Singh, this appellant  was  the  co-signatory  and
only with  their  signatures  money  could  be  withdrawn  from  the  MNREGA
account; therefore, in such a situation  the  statement  emerging  from  the
deposition of the complainant/informant  R.D.  Sharma,  P.W.1  that  amounts
used to be withdrawn jointly by the appellant and the Muneshwar  Singh,  the
Block Development Officer  and  hence  they  are  also  answerable  for  the
embezzlement of the concerned amount could not  have  been  ignored  at  the
present stage in anticipation of  defence  of  the  appellant  that  she  is
illiterate and cannot sign her name and that she was duped or cheated by co-
accused Rahul Yadav.
Having given our anxious consideration to the rival submissions, we find  no
good reason to interfere with the order under appeal.
It is well accepted in criminal jurisprudence that F.I.R.  may  not  contain
all the details of the occurrence or even the names of all the accused.   It
is not expected to be an encyclopedia even of facts  already  known.   There
are varities of crimes and by their very nature, details of some crimes  can
be unfolded only by a detailed and expert investigation.  This is more  true
in crimes involving conspiracy, economic offences or cases  not  founded  on
eye witness accounts.  The fact that Police chose not to send up  a  suspect
to face trial does not affect power of the trial court under Section 319  of
the Cr.P.C. to summon such a person on account of evidence  recorded  during
trial.  This is the factual scenario in the case at hand also.

 It would not be  proper  for  us  to  deal  with  detailed  merits  of  the
prosecution case or  the  defence  case  at  this  juncture.   Hence,  while
dismissing the appeal, we make it clear that the observations  made  in  the
impugned orders or this order shall not have any adverse effect on the  case
of either of the parties.  It is also made clear that  the  appellant  shall
be at liberty to take all the defence available to her, in  accordance  with
law, in  course  of  the  trial.   The  appeal  stands  dismissed  with  the
aforesaid observations.

                       …………………………………….J.
                       [DIPAK MISRA]


                       ……………………………………..J.
                             [SHIVA KIRTI SINGH]
New Delhi.
March 30, 2016.
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