REPORTABLE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NO.5099 OF 2006
M. SURENDER REDDY ... APPELLANT
VERSUS
GOVT. OF ANDHRA PRADESH AND ORS. ... RESPONDENTS
With
C.A. No.5100 of 2006 and
C.A. No.5101 of 2006
J U D G M E N T
SUDHANSU JYOTI MUKHOPADHAYA, J.
These appeals have been preferred by the appellants against common
judgment dated 27th December, 2004 passed by the Division Bench of the
High Court of Judicature, Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in Writ Petition Nos.
20106, 20350, 20539 and 21554 of 2004 and common order dated 28th December,
2004 passed by the same High Court in Writ Petition Nos.20215, 20305, 21558
and 23173 of 2004. By the impugned common judgment, the High Court
dismissed the writ petitions, upheld the finding of the Andhra Pradesh
Administrative Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as the "Tribunal") and
held as follows:
"26. In view of our foregoing discussions,
we record the following conclusions:
The finding of the Tribunal that the selection process has to be in
accordance with the G.O.Ms. No.124, dated 8.8.2002 cannot be said to be
erroneous or contrary to law.
But, however, the direction that the entire select list has to be reviewed
clubbing the appointments under 1st round selection is not sustainable and
accordingly the procedure as contemplated under G.O.Ms. No.124 has to be
followed only in respect of the candidates excluding the appointments
already made in 2001 and 2002 namely Asstt. Municipal Commissioners Grade-
III, Asstt. Commercial Tax Officers, Asstt. Labour Officers and Asstt.
Section Officers in non-executive cadre in view of the peculiar and
circumstances of this case.
The inter se seniority between the 1st round appointees and later inducted
persons under second round selection in the same cadre if any shall be
decided by the appropriate authority in accordance with rules, depending on
the merit ranking obtained by them.
The Reservation to PHC category wherever it is not provided under the
Special Rules cannot be claimed and hence the findings of the Tribunal do
not call for any interference.
27. We do hope that the process of selection would be completed
expeditiously without further hurdles. Subject to the above conclusions,
the Writ Petitions stand dismissed."
By the impugned common order, the High Court disposed of the said writ
petitions in terms of the common judgment dated 27th December, 2004 in Writ
Petition No.20106 of 2004.
2. The brief facts of the case are as follows:
The President of India in exercise of powers conferred by Clause (1)
and (2) of Article 371-D of Constitution of India made the Andhra Pradesh
Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of Direct
Recruitment) Order, 1975 dated 20th October, 1975 (hereinafter referred to
as "Presidential Order"). Sub-Paragraph(1) of Paragraph 3 of the said order
gives power to the State Government to organize classes of posts in the
civil services of and classes of civil posts under the State into different
local cadres for different parts of the State within 27 months from the
commencement of the said order. Paragraph 8 relates to reservation in the
matter of direct recruitment. Relevant portion of which reads as follows:
"8. Reservation in the matter of Direct Recruitment:- (1) 80% of the
posts to be filled by direct recruitment any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to the category of lower division clerk or a Category equivalent
to or lower than that lower division clerk; and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising post carrying a scale
of pay the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which does not exceed the
minimum of the scale of pay or a lower division clerk, shall be reserved in
favour of local candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such
cadre.
(2) 70% of the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to non-gazetted categories other than those referred to in item
(a) of sub-paragraph (1); and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising posts carrying a scale
of pay, the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of
the scale of pay of a lower division clerk, but does not exceed Rs. 480/-
per mensum on any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this
regard in the successive revisions of pay scales granted by the State
Government from time to time shall be reserved in favour of local
candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such cadre."
3. In exercise of the powers under sub-para(1) Paragraph 3 of the
'Presidential Order, 1975' the Andhra Pradesh State Government issued
G.O.P. No.729 dated 1st Novemer,1975, whereby 70% of non-gazetted category
posts other than Lower Division Clerk or equivalent posts were reserved in
favour of local candidates. By G.O.P. No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 the
State Government prescribed certain procedures to be followed in conducting
recruitment to the posts. Annexure III to the said G.O.P. deals with the
procedure to be followed for selection of candidates for recruitment to the
categories of posts for which multiple cadre recruitment is made. As per
paragraph 5 of the annexure a combined merit list a local and non-local
candidates shall be drawn up to fill up the vacancies.
4. Later, the Andhra Pradesh State Government issued G.O.Ms. No.124
dated 7th March, 2002, whereby G.O.P. No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 was
amended by bifurcating combined merit list into two parts i.e. one reserved
for local candidates and another for both local and non-local candidates.
5. On 28th December, 1999, the Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission
(hereinafter referred to as the "APPSC") issued Advertisement NO.10 of 1999
to fill up certain Executive and Non-Executive Posts of 27 categories
under Group-II services of State Government. As per the said Advertisement
selection was to be made on the basis of marks obtained in written test
plus oral test for executive posts and only on the basis of marks obtained
in the interview, the written test for non-executive posts. Later the State
Government withdrew that part of the advertisement which called for
applications to 141 vacant posts of Assistant Section Officers.
Accordingly, more than 3 lacs candidates appeared in the written
examination and among them 269 persons were called for interview for
appointment to the executive posts on the basis of marks obtained in the
written examination. After concluding interviews, 104 candidates were
selected for executive posts in December 2000. Subsequently, in view of an
order passed by the Tribunal in O.a.No.7443 of 2000, filed against the non-
exclusion of 141 posts of Assistant Section Officers 113 candidates
including the appellants were recommended for non-executive posts i.e.
Asstt. Sections Officers in February, 2002 based on marks obtained in
written test.
Subsequently, as per the directions of the High Court, 973 Executive posts
were included in Advertisement No.10 of 1999 and more than 2000 candidates
along with the appellants were called for interview on the basis of the
marks obtained in the written examination. Thereafter, the APPSC selected
973 candidates for executive posts on the basis of written plus oral test
and prepared common merit list by including 104 candidates who were already
appointed against executive posts.
6. Some of the candidates filed applications before Tribunal to
implement G.O.Ms. No.124 dated 7th March, 2002 which was allowed by the
Tribunal with a direction to the APPSC to re-caste the merit list by
implementing the G.O.Ms. No.124. Being aggrieved by the said direction,
when the appellants filed Writ Petitions, the High Court while dismissed
the same directing to exclude the present appellants and other A.S.Os from
consideration to the executive posts.
As the above said direction of the High Court created an anomaly
restricting the meritorious candidates, already appointed Asstt. Sections
Officers who were appointed to the to lower non-executive posts and less
meritorious candidates were to get higher posts in executive cadres, the
appellants have challenged the same.
7. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that G.O.Ms. No.124
dated 7th March, 2002 cannot be applied retrospectively to the selection
already in process or selection already made, particularly when the State
Government's order is a part of substantive law and not procedural law. It
is further contended that G.O.Ms.124 dated 7th March, 2002 is null and void
having issued after lapse of period of limitation prescribed in sub-para(1)
of Paragraph 3 of the Presidential Order, 1975. Further, according to the
counsel for the appellants, G.O.Ms.124 dated 7th March, 2002 is ultra vires
of Presidential Order, 1975 and G.O.P. No.729 dated 1st November, 1975 and
G.O.P. No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 issued in pursuance of Paragraph
3(1) of the Presidential Order, 1975.
8. We have heard learned counsel for the parties, perused the records
and relevant notifications relating to reservation of posts issued from
time to time.
The questions that arise for determination in this case are: (a)whether
G.O.Ms.124 dated 7th March, 2002 is retrospective in nature in order to
make it applicable to the posts for which selection process has already
started pursuant to 1999 advertisement, and (b) If the said G.O.Ms. is
retrospective, whether it is required to review the entire select list
disturbing the appointments already made during the period between the 2001
and 7th March, 2002.
9. The Presidential Order, 1975 by virtue of sub-paragraph (1) of
Paragraph 3 empowers the State Government to organize classes of posts in
civil services under the State into different local cadres in different
parts of State within 27 months from the commencement of the said order.
Paragraph 3 of the order empowers the State to organize Local Cadres, which
is as follows:
"3. Organization of local cadres :- (1) The State Government shall within a
period of * twenty-seven months [Vide G.O. Ms. No. 728, G.A. (SPF.A) Dept,
dt. 27-10-1977]from the commencement of this Order, organize classes of
posts in the civil services of and classes of civil posts under the State
into different local cadres for different parts of the State to the extent
and in the manner, hereinafter provided.
Provided that, notwithstanding the expiration of the said period, the
President may by order, require the State Government, whenever he considers
it expedient so to do, to organize any classes of posts in the civil
services of and classes of civil posts under the State into different local
cadres or different parts of the State.(Vide G.O. Ms. No. 34, G.A. (SPF.A)
Dept, date 24-1-81)
(2) The posts belonging to the category of lower division clerk and each of
the other categories equivalent to, or lower than that of a lower division
clerk, in each department in each district shall be organized into separate
cadre.
Explanation:- For the purposes of this sub-paragraph, sub-paragraph(1) of
paragraph 6, and sub-paragraph (1) of paragraph 8 a category shall be
deemed to be equivalent to or lower than that of a lower division clerk if
the minimum of the scale of pay of a post belonging to that category or
where the post carries a fixed pay, such fixed pay is equal to or lower
than the minimum of the scale of pay of a lower division clerk.
(3) The posts belonging to each non gazetted category, other than those
referred to in sub-paragraph (2), in each department in each zone shall be
organized into a separate cadre.
(4) The posts belonging to each specified gazetted category in each
department in each zone shall be organized into a separate cadre.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-paragraph (3) and (4), the
State Government may where it considers it expedient so to do and with the
approval of the Central Government, organized the posts belonging to any of
the categories referred to therein, in any department, or any establishment
thereof, in two or more contiguous zones into a single cadre.
(6) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub Paragraphs (2), (3), (4) and
(5), the Central Government; may notify the departments in which
and the categories of posts for which a separate cadre has to be organized
for the City of Hyderabad and on such notification, the posts belonging to
each such category in each such department in the said City (other than
those concerned with the administration of areas falling outside, the said
City) shall be organize into a separate cadre and the posts so organized in
pursuance of this paragraph or Constituted otherwise and comprising posts
belonging to the category in that department.
(7) In organising a separate cadre in respect of any category of posts in
any department for any part of the State, nothing in this Order shall be
deemed to prevent the State Government from organising or continuing more
than one cadre in respect of such category is such department for such part
of the State.
(8) Where the Central Government is satisfied that it is not practicable or
expedient to organize local cadres under this paragraph in respect of any
non gazetted category of posts in any department, it may, by notification,
make a declaration to that effect and on such declaration the provisions of
this paragraph shall not apply to such category of posts."
Each district is regarded as a 'Local area' as per paragraph 6, which
is as follows:
"6. Local areas:- (1) Each district shall be regarded as a local area-
(i) for direct recruitment to posts in any local cadre under the State
Government comprising all or any of the posts in any department in that
district belonging to the category of a lower division clerk or to any
other category equivalent to or lower than that of a lower division clerk.
(ii) for direct recruitment to posts in any cadre under any local authority
within under that district carrying a scale of pay, the minimum of which
does not exceed the minimum of the scale of pay of a lower division clerk
or a fixed pay not exceeding that amount.
(2) Each Zone shall be regarded as a local area-
(1) for direct recruitment to posts in any local cadre under the State
Government comprising all or any of the posts in any department in that
zone belonging to any non-gazetted category other than those referred to
in sub paragraph (1);
(ii) for direct recruitment to posts in any local cadre comprising all or
any of the post in any department in that zone belonging to the categories
of Tehsildars, Asst. Executive Engineers, Assistant Agricultural Officers,
Inspectors of Police and Motor Vehicle Inspectors (Vide G.O. Ms. No.
498,dt. 16-7-1977 G.O.Ms. No. 34, dt. 24-1-1981 and G. O. Ms. No. 635,
G.A.(SPF. A) Dept. dated 30-11-1993)
(iii) For direct recruitment to posts in any cadre under any local
authority within that zone, carrying a scale of pay, the minimum of which
exceeds the minimum of the scale of pay of a lower division clerk but does
not exceed Rs. 480/- per mensum or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of
the scale of pay of a lower division clerk but does not exceed Rs. 480/-
per mensum or any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this
regard in the successive revisions or pay scales granted by the State
Government from time of time. (G.O.Ms. 635, G.A. (SPF.A) Dept. dated 30-11-
93.17)
Provided that where a single cadre has been organized for two or more zones
under sub-paragraph (5) of paragraph 3 of posts belonging to any of the
categories referred to in clause (i) or clause (ii) each of such zones
shall be regarded as separate local area in respect of such cadre.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-paragraphs (1) and (2),-
(i) the City of Hyderabad shall be regarded as a local area for direct
recruitment to posts in any local cadre under the State Government
comprising all or any of the posts in the said City in the departments and
belonging to the categories notified under Sub-paragraph (6) of paragraph 3
and the said City shall be excluded from the local area relatable to any
other local cadre comprising posts in the departments and belonging to the
categories so notified; and
(ii) the City of Hyderabad shall be regarded as a local area for direct
recruitment to posts in any cadre under a local authority within the said
City comprising posts carrying a scale of pay the minimum of which does not
exceed Rs. 480/- per mensum or any amount corresponding to it as may be
specified in this regarded in the successive revisions of pay scales
granted by the State Government from time to time, or a fixed pay not
exceeding that amount, and the said City shall be excluded from the local
area relatable to any cadre under any local authority not within the said
City. (G.O. Ms.No. 635, G. A. (SPF. A) Dept. dated 30-11-93)
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained sub-paragraphs (1), (2) and (3).
(1) the districts of Medak, Ranga Reddy and Hyderabad shall be regarded as
a local area for direct recruitment to posts in any cadre under the
Hyderabad Urban Development Authority comprising posts, carrying a scale of
pay, the minimum of which does not exceed the minimum of
the scale of pay of lower division clerk or a fixed pay not exceeding that
amount.
(ii) Zone VI shall be regarded as a local area for direct recruitment to
posts in any cadre under the Hyderabad Urban Development Authority
comprising posts, carrying a scale of pay, the minimum of which exceeds the
scale of pay of a lower division clerk but does not exceed Rs. 480/- per
mensum, or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of the scale of the pay of
a lower division clerk but does not exceed Rs. 480/- per mensum J-698/318
or any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this regard in the
successive revisions of pay scales granted by the State Government from
time to time.(Vide G.O.Ms. No. 498, G. A. (SPF. A) Dept. dt. 16-7-77 and
G.O. Ms.No. 34, G. A. (SPF. A.) Dept, dt. 24-1-1981.)"
"Local candidates" for direct recruitment to any post in relation to
the local area is defined in paragraph 7 as follows:
"7. Local Candidate:- (1) A candidate for direct recruitment to any post
shall be regarded as a local candidate in relation to a local area.-
(a) in cases where a minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the posts-
(i) If he has studied in an educational institution or educational
institutions in such local area for a period of not less than four
consecutive academic years ending with the academic year in which he
appeared or, as the case may be, first appeared for the relevant qualifying
examination; or
(ii) where during the whole or any part of the four consecutive academic
years ending with the academic year in which he appeared or as the case may
be, first appeared for the relevant qualifying examination he has not
studied in any educational institution, if he has resided in that local
area for a period of not less than four years immediately preceding the
date of commencement of the qualifying examination in which he appeared or
as the case may be, first appeared.
(b) In cases where no minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the post, if he has resided in that local area for a
period of not less than four years immediately preceding the date on which
the post is notified for recruitment.
Explanations:- For the purpose of this paragraph.-
(i) 'educational institution' means a University or any educational
institution recognised by the State Government, a University or other
competent authority;
(ii) 'relevant qualifying examination' in relation to a post means;
(A) the examination, a pass in which is the minimum educational
qualification prescribed for the post;
(B) the Matriculation examination or an examination declared by the State
Government to be equivalent to the Matriculation examination;
which is lower ; and
(iii) in reckoning the consecutive academic years during which a candidate
has studied, any period of interruption of his study be reason of his
failure to pass any examination shall be disregarded.
(iv) the question, whether any candidate for direct recruitment to any post
has resided in any local area shall be determined with reference to the
places where the candidate actually resided and not with reference to the
residence of his parents or other guardian (Vide G.O.Ms. No. 168, G.A.
(SPF.A) Dept. dt.10-3-77).
(2) A candidate for direct recruitment to any post who is not regarded as
a local candidate under sub-paragraph (1) in relation to any local area
shall.-
(a) in cases where a minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the post.
(i) If he has studies in educational institutions in that State for a
period of not less than seven consecutive academic years ending with
academic year in which he appeared or as the case may be, first appeared
for the relevant qualifying examination be regarded as a local candidate in
relation to
(1) Such local area where he has studied for the maximum period out of the
said period of seven years; or
(2) where the period of his study in two or more local areas are equal,
such local areas where he has studied last in such equal periods;
(ii) If during the whole or any part of the seven consecutive academic
years ending with the academic years in which he appeared or as the case
may be first appeared for the relevant qualifying examination, he has not
studied in the educational institutions in any local areas, but has resided
in the State during the whole of the said period of seven years, be
regarded as a local candidate in relation to
(1) such local area where he has resided for a maximum period out of the
said period of seven years : or (2) where the periods of his residence in
two or more local areas are equal, such local area where he has resided
last in such equal periods ;
(b) in cases where no minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the post, if he has resided in the State for period of
not less than seven years immediately preceding the date on which the post
is notified for recruitment, be regarded as a local candidate in relation
to
(i) such local area where he has resided for the maximum period out of the
said period of seven years ; or (ii) where the periods of his residence is
two or more local areas are equal such local area where he has resided last
in such equal periods.(G.O.Ms. No. 168, dated 10-3-1977)"
Paragraph 8 mandates reservation in the matter of direct recruitment
relevant of which is quoted below:
"8. Reservation in the matter of Direct Recruitment:- (1) 80% of the
posts to be filled by direct recruitment any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to the category of lower division clerk or a Category equivalent
to or lower than that lower division clerk; and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising post carrying a scale
of pay the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which does not exceed the
minimum of the scale of pay or a lower division clerk, shall be reserved in
favour of local candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such
cadre.
(2) 70% of the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to non-gazetted categories other than those referred to in item
(a) of sub-paragraph (1); and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising posts carrying a scale
of pay, the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of
the scale of pay of a lower division clerk, but does not exceed Rs. 480/-
per mensum on any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this
regard in the successive revisions of pay scales granted by the State
Government from time to time shall be reserved in favour of local
candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such cadre. (G.O.Ms.
No. 635, G. A. (SPF.A) Dept, dated 30-11-93).
(3) 60 % of the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at any time in any
local cadre under the State Government comprising posts belonging to the
categories of Tehsildars, Assistant Executive Engineers, Assistant
Agricultural Officers, Inspector of Police and Motor Vehicle Inspectors
shall be reserved in favour of local candidates in relation to the local
area in respect of such cadre.(G.O.Ms. No. 498, G.A. (SPF. A) Dept, Dt. 16-
7-1977)(G.O.Ms. No. 34, G.A. (SPF. A) Dept, Dt. 24-1-1981)(G.O.Ms. No. 635,
G.A. (SPF. A) Dept, Dt. 30-11-1993).
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-paragraph (2) or sub-
paragraph(3) where, in respect of any of the categories referred to in the
said paragraph a single cadre has been organized for two or more zones
under sub-paragraph (5) of paragraph 3, 70% or as the case may be, 60 % of
the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at anytime in such cadre shall
be reserved in favour of and allocated amongst the local candidates in
relation to each of the local areas in respect of such cadre in the ratio
specified in the Second Schedule against the zone comprising each such
local area.
(5) 60% of the posts under the State Government belonging to the category
of Civil Assistant Surgeons to be filled by direct recruitment at any time
shall be reserved in favour of and allocated amongst the local candidates
in relation to the local area specified in column (1) the Table below in
the respective ratios specified in the corresponding entry is column (2)
thereof."
Paragraph 9 deals with carry forward of reserved posts, if no
candidate is available, which is as follows:
"(9) Carry forward of reserved posts:- If a qualified local candidate in
respect of a local area is not available to fill a post reserved or
allocated in favour of a local candidate in respect of that local area,
such post shall be carried forward for recruitment of a local candidate in
respect of that local area for period not exceeding three years;
Provided that pending recruitment of a local candidate, such post may be
filled in temporarily by borrowing the service of a person holding a post
of the same category in any other local cadre or under any other local
authority as the case may be (Vide G.O. Ms. No. 34,dt. 24-1-1981)."
Paragraph 11 stipulates that the order to have overriding effect over
Statute, Ordinance, Rule, Regulation or other order made before or after
the commencement of the said Order in respect of direct recruitment to
posts under the State Government or any local authority.
10. After publication of the Presidential Order 1975 the Government of
Andhra Pradesh by G.O.P. No.729 dated 1st November, 1975, intimated the
Scheme of the Order and directed the authorities to furnish District-wise
list in case of categories of Lower Divisional Clerk and equivalent or
lower categories and Zone-wise list in the case of higher categories.
11. Referring to the Presidential Order, 1975, Government of Andhra
Pradesh issued G.O.P No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 communicating the
Scheme and the procedure to be followed in such appointments relevant
portion of which reads as follows:
"2. Recruitment of candidates is basically of two types size, single unit
i.e. single cadre recruitment and multiple unit i.e., multiple cadre
recruitment. Where recruitment is made to fill vacancies in a single cadre
i.e., single unit of appointment comprising posts in a given category for a
particular department, it can be categorized as single cadre recruitment.
Where recruitment is made to fill vacancies in more than one cadre (i.e.,
for than one unit of appointment in the same or different parts of the
State) comprising posts in a given category or different categories in one
or more department, such recruitment will be multiple units or multiple
cadre recruitment. For example when recruitment is made to fill vacancies
of Lower Division Clerk in a district in one department, it becomes single
cadre recruitment. Where, however, a combined recruitment is made to fill
up the posts of Lower Division Clerks in a district in more than one
department of where a combined recruitment to fill vacancies in
similar categories like Lower Division Clerks, Typists, Stenographers etc.,
in one district in one or more departments is made, it becomes multiple
cadre recruitment.
3. Recruitment to a single multi-zonal cadre contemplated under
the Presidential Order and to the category of Civil Assistant Surgeons will
also come under the category of single cadre recruitment but with the
difference that preference in the matter of direct recruitment in such
cases is to be given to local candidates not one local area but of the
different local areas covered by such cadre in the ratio prescribed in the
Presidential Order.
4. Multiple cadre recruitment may take different forms especially
in the implementation of the proposed Presidential Order on the
organization of local cadres. It may take the form of:
(a) Recruitment to fill up the vacancies in a single category for
different local cadres or different parts of the State (local areas) in one
department, e.g. recruitment of Clerks in the Judicial Department for
Courts in the districts undertaken by the Andhra Pradesh Public Service
Commission.
(b) Recruitment to fill up the vacancies in identical or different
categories in different local cadres in different departments in one part
of the State (local area) e.g., recruitment of Group-IV services undertaken
by the Collectors now.
(c) Recruitment to fill up the vacancies in different categories in
different local cadres in different departments of different parts of the
Ste (local areas) e.g. recruitment of Group-II Services undertaken by the
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission.
5. The State Government have considered the manner in which the
scheme of reservation in favour of local candidates provided in the Andhra
Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of
Direct Recruitment) Order, 1975 should be implemented taking into account
the provisions made in regard to appointments in favour of Backward
Classes, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and have decided
that the procedure set out in the Annexure to this order may be followed in
this regard.
6. The procedure set out in Annexure-I to this order is to be followed
for selection of candidates for recruitment of the categories of posts of
which single cadre recruitment is made. The procedure set out in Annexure-
II will apply to selection of candidates of recruitment of every category
of posts for which a Multi-zonal cadre is set up and also in the matter of
recruitment of the category of Civil Assistant Surgeons where the posts
reserved in favour of local candidates are required to be appointed in the
prescribed ratio among local candidates of different local areas covered by
such cadre. The procedure set out in Annexure-III to this order is to be
followed for selection of candidates for recruitment to the categories of
posts for which multiple cadre recruitment is made.
7. All the recruiting authorities and appointing authorities are
requested to follow the instructions annexed to the said G.O.P. No.763
dated 15th November, 1975 while making recruitment either temporary or
regular, to posts coming within the ambit of paragraph 8 of the Andhra
Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of
Direct Recruitment) Order, 1975."
12. On 13th December, 2001, the President of India in exercise of the
powers conferred by clauses (1) and (2) of Article 371-D of the
constitution of India, amending the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment
(Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of Direct Recruitment) Order,
1975 namely - the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local
Cadres and Regulation of Direct Recruitment)Amendment) Order, 2001
published by the Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs S.O.
1219(E). The said Amendment Order reads as follows:
"2. In the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres
and Regulation of Direct Recruitment) Order 1975:-
(1) In paragraph 2 in Sub-Paragraph (1), to clause (a) the following
shall be added namely:-
"The territorial Jurisdiction in respect of the posts belonging to
the Department of School Education shall be the Revenue District of
Hyderabad."
(2) In paragraph 8, in Sub-paragraph(1) after item (b), the following
item shall be deemed to have been added with effect from the 1st June 2001,
namely;-
"C (i) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to the categories of Teachers in the Andhra Pradesh School
Education Subordinate Service and other similar or equivalent categories of
posts of teachers under any Department of the State Government; and
(ii) in any cadre under a local authority or under any such other
management, as may be notified by the State Government from time to time
carrying a scale of pay equal to that of posts in the Andhra Pradesh School
Education Subordinate Service shall be reserved in favour of local
candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such cadre."
(3) In paragraph 8, in Sub-paragraph (2) in item (a) for the words and
figure "in item (a) of Sub-paragraph (1)", the words and figure "in item
(a) or in item (c) of sub-paragraph (1)", shall be substituted."
13. The Government of Andhra Pradesh by G.O.Ms. No.8 dated 8th January,
2002 referring to paragraph 8 of the Presidential Order, 1975 made
amendment in the procedure prescribed in paragraph 3 and 4 of Annexure-I to
G.O.P.No.763 dated 15th November, 1975. The said GOMs. Reads as follows:
"GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION (SPF-A) DEPARTMENT
G.O.Ms.No.8 Dated:08.01.2002
Read the following
G.O.Ms.No.674, GA(SPF-A) Department, dated 20.10.1975
G.O.P.No.729, GA(SPF-A) Department, dated 01.11.1975.
G.O.P.No.763, (SPF-A) Department, dated 15.11.1975
U.O. Note NO.237/SPF-A/85-2, GA(SPF-A) Department, dated 20.05.1985
G.O.Ms.No.2, G.A.(SPF-A) Department, dated 03.01.2002.
O R D E R
In terms of para-8 of the Andhra Pradesh Public employment
(Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of Direct Recruitment) Order,
1975, i.e, Presidential Order, referred to in the reference first read
above, in the case of District Cadres, 80% of the posts under Direct
Recruitment are reserved for local candidates, as defined in para-7 of the
Presidential Order. The remaining 20% of the posts are open posts for which
local and non-locals have to be considered on the basis of combined merit.
This aspect has already been clarified in the U.O. Note fourth read above.
The Government have also issued instructions in the G.O. third read above
in the manner in which the posts have to be filled up.
2. Government have re-examined the matter of filling up of the posts as
prescribed in the G.O. third read above. Accordingly it is decided that
while filling up of the posts under Direct Recruitment, the first 20% of
posts should be filled following combined merit list of locals and non-
locals and, thereafter, the remaining 80% of the posts shall be filled up
by locals only. However, while filling up of the posts the special
representation under Rule 22 of the A.P. State and Subordinate Service
Rules shall be followed suitably.
3. Accordingly the following amendment is issued to the procedure
prescribed in paras 3 and 4 of the Annexure I to the G.O.(P) No.763,
General Administrative (SPF.A) Department, dated 15th November, 1975.
4. In respect of the Annexure-II & III to the G.O. 3rd read above
orders will be issued separately.
AMENDMENT
5. In the said orders, in the Annexure-I,
(i) for paragraphs 3 and 4 the following shall be substituted
namely,
"Para 3: The provisional list shall be divided into two parts. The first
part will comprise first 20% of the list. The second part will comprise the
balance 80%. In case the provisional list does not contain any non-local
candidate in the second part the list shall be approved.
Para 4: If, however, on the scrutiny referred to in para 3 it is found
that there are non-local candidates in the second part of the list, then
these candidates shall be removed and replaced by local candidates ensuring
that the rule of reservation is followed.
(ii) the illustrations thereunder shall be omitted.
(BY ORDER AND IN THE NAME OF THE GOVERNOR OF ANDHRA PRADESH)"
14. It was followed by G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th March, 2002, whereby the
Government of Andhra Pradesh amended the procedure prescribed in Annexure
II and III of G.O.Ms.No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 which reads as
follows:
"GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
O R D E R
In the G.O. 6th read above, orders were issued that while filling up
of the posts under Direct Recruitment, the first 20% of posts should be
filled following combined merit list of locals and non-locals (i.e. Open
Category) and, thereafter, the remaining 80% of the posts shall be filled
up by locals only. While filling up of the posts the special representation
under Rule 22 of the A.P. State and Subordinate Service Rules shall be
followed strictly. It was also ordered therein that the amendments to the
Annexures II and III to the G.O. third read above be issued separately.
2. Accordingly, the following amendments are issued to the procedure
prescribed in the Annexures II and III to the G.O.Ms.No.763, G.A.(SPF-A)
Department, dated 15th November, 1975.
A M E N D M E N T S
In the said Government orders,
(1) In the Annexure - II,
(i) for paragraphs 3 and 4, the following shall be substituted, namely,
"3: The Provisional list shall be divided into two parts. The first
part shall comprise 30% of the posts consisting of combined merit lists of
locals as well as non-locals and the remaining second part shall comprise
the balance 70% of the posts consisting of locals only and the posts shall
be filled duly following the rule of reservation."
(2) in the Annexure - III, for paragraph 3, the following shall be
substituted, namely,
"3: The provisional list shall be divided into two parts. The first
part shall comprise 40% of the posts consisting of combined merit lists of
locals as well as non-locals and the remaining second part shall comprises
the balance 60% of the posts consisting of locals only and the posts shall
be filled duly following the rule of reservation."
15. The applicability of the aforesaid G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th March,
2002 is in dispute in the present case.
16. In Shah Bhojraj Kuverji Oil Mills and Ginning Factory v. Subhash
Chandra Yograj Sinha, AIR 1961 SC 1596, the Constitution Bench of this
Court while considering the question as to whether an Act is to be made
operative prospectively or retrospectively held:
"12............ a section may be prospective in some parts and
retrospective in other parts. While it is the ordinary rule that
substantive rights should not be held to be taken away except by express
provision or clear implication, many Acts, though prospective in form, have
been given retrospective operation, if the intention of the legislature is
apparent."
17. In Mst. Rafiquennessa vs. Lal Bahadur Chetri and others, AIR 1964 SC
1511, another five-Judge Bench of this Court while dealing with the
question of effect of retrospective legislation on vested rights observed:
"It is not disputed by him that the legislature is competent to take away
vested rights by means of retrospective legislation. Similarly, the
legislature is undoubtedly competent to make laws which override and
materially affect the terms of contracts between the parties; but the
argument is that unless a clear and unambiguous intention is indicated by
the legislature by adopting suitable express words in that behalf, no
provision of a statute should be given retrospective operation if by such
operation vested rights are likely to be affected. These principles are
unexceptionable and as a matter of law, no objection can be taken to them."
18. In absence of any express or necessarily implied provision in the
statute, normally statute affects the rights prospectively.
A statutory provision is held to be retrospective either when it is
so declared by express terms, or the intention to make retrospective
clearly follows from the relevant words and the context in which they
occur.
19. The Presidential Order, 1975 was issued in exercise of powers under
clauses (1) and (2) of Article 371-D of the Constitution empowering the
State Government under sub-paragraph (1) of paragraph 3 of the said order
to organize any class of posts in the civil services under the State into
different local cadres in different parts of the State within 27 months
from the commencement of the said order. Under proviso to sub-paragraph (1)
it is stated that notwithstanding the expiration of the said period, the
President may by order, require the State Government whenever he considers
it expedient to do so to organize any class of posts in civil services of
and any class of civil posts under the State into different local cadres or
different parts of the State. By Presidential order, 1975 the State
Government has not been empowered to pass any order under sub-paragraph (1)
of paragraph 3 or paragraph 8 with retrospective effect. Apart from the
fact that the State Government was not empowered by the Presidential Order,
1975 to pass any orders with retrospective date, in absence of any terms or
the intention to make it retrospective date, the G.O.Ms. No.124 dated 7th
March, 2002 cannot be given effect from a retrospective date.
20. In any case, the State Government cannot pass any order amending a
procedural law regarding reservation in the matter of selection to posts,
with retrospective effect, once the procedure of selection starts.
21. For the reasons aforesaid, we hold that the G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th
March, 2002 is prospective and is not applicable to the process of
selection started pursuant to Advertisement No.10 of 1999 including the 973
executive posts which were ordered to be filled up by the High Court
pursuant to the advertisement. The Tribunal erred in directing the APPSC to
re-caste the merit list pursuant to G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th March, 2002.
The High Court by the impugned judgment dated 27th December, 2004 rightly
held that the order passed by the Court will not affect the appointments
already made to the executive post between 2001-2002 but erred in holding
that the selection is to be made in accordance with G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th
March, 2002
22. For the reasons aforesaid, we set aside the orders passed by the
Andhra Pradesh Administrative Tribunal and the impugned common judgment
dated 27th December, 2004 and the impugned common order dated 28th
December, 2004 passed by the Division Bench of the High Court of
Judicature, Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in Writ Petition Nos. 20106 of
2004, 21558 of 2004, etc.
In view of the foregoing discussions, we direct the respondents to
fill up the rest of the posts including the posts of Municipal
Commissioners Grade-III, Asstt. Commercial Tax Officers, Asstt. Labour
Officers in executive cadre and Asstt. Section Officers in non executive
cadre, which are vacant, as per President Order, 1975 and the Government
orders in consonance with the Presidential Order which were prevailing in
the year 1999 when the Advertisement was issued. The inter se seniority
between the persons appointed in the 1st round and the persons appointed
afterwards in the same cadre, if any, shall be decided by the appropriate
authority in accordance with the rules, depending on the merit ranking
obtained by them.
23. We direct the authority to complete the process of selection
expeditiously preferably within three months. The appeals are allowed with
aforesaid observations and directions.
.................................................J.
(SUDHANSU JYOTI MUKHOPADHAYA)
.................................................J.
NEW DELHI; (V. GOPALA GOWDA)
FEBRUARY 18, 2015.
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NO.5099 OF 2006
M. SURENDER REDDY ... APPELLANT
VERSUS
GOVT. OF ANDHRA PRADESH AND ORS. ... RESPONDENTS
With
C.A. No.5100 of 2006 and
C.A. No.5101 of 2006
J U D G M E N T
SUDHANSU JYOTI MUKHOPADHAYA, J.
These appeals have been preferred by the appellants against common
judgment dated 27th December, 2004 passed by the Division Bench of the
High Court of Judicature, Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in Writ Petition Nos.
20106, 20350, 20539 and 21554 of 2004 and common order dated 28th December,
2004 passed by the same High Court in Writ Petition Nos.20215, 20305, 21558
and 23173 of 2004. By the impugned common judgment, the High Court
dismissed the writ petitions, upheld the finding of the Andhra Pradesh
Administrative Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as the "Tribunal") and
held as follows:
"26. In view of our foregoing discussions,
we record the following conclusions:
The finding of the Tribunal that the selection process has to be in
accordance with the G.O.Ms. No.124, dated 8.8.2002 cannot be said to be
erroneous or contrary to law.
But, however, the direction that the entire select list has to be reviewed
clubbing the appointments under 1st round selection is not sustainable and
accordingly the procedure as contemplated under G.O.Ms. No.124 has to be
followed only in respect of the candidates excluding the appointments
already made in 2001 and 2002 namely Asstt. Municipal Commissioners Grade-
III, Asstt. Commercial Tax Officers, Asstt. Labour Officers and Asstt.
Section Officers in non-executive cadre in view of the peculiar and
circumstances of this case.
The inter se seniority between the 1st round appointees and later inducted
persons under second round selection in the same cadre if any shall be
decided by the appropriate authority in accordance with rules, depending on
the merit ranking obtained by them.
The Reservation to PHC category wherever it is not provided under the
Special Rules cannot be claimed and hence the findings of the Tribunal do
not call for any interference.
27. We do hope that the process of selection would be completed
expeditiously without further hurdles. Subject to the above conclusions,
the Writ Petitions stand dismissed."
By the impugned common order, the High Court disposed of the said writ
petitions in terms of the common judgment dated 27th December, 2004 in Writ
Petition No.20106 of 2004.
2. The brief facts of the case are as follows:
The President of India in exercise of powers conferred by Clause (1)
and (2) of Article 371-D of Constitution of India made the Andhra Pradesh
Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of Direct
Recruitment) Order, 1975 dated 20th October, 1975 (hereinafter referred to
as "Presidential Order"). Sub-Paragraph(1) of Paragraph 3 of the said order
gives power to the State Government to organize classes of posts in the
civil services of and classes of civil posts under the State into different
local cadres for different parts of the State within 27 months from the
commencement of the said order. Paragraph 8 relates to reservation in the
matter of direct recruitment. Relevant portion of which reads as follows:
"8. Reservation in the matter of Direct Recruitment:- (1) 80% of the
posts to be filled by direct recruitment any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to the category of lower division clerk or a Category equivalent
to or lower than that lower division clerk; and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising post carrying a scale
of pay the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which does not exceed the
minimum of the scale of pay or a lower division clerk, shall be reserved in
favour of local candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such
cadre.
(2) 70% of the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to non-gazetted categories other than those referred to in item
(a) of sub-paragraph (1); and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising posts carrying a scale
of pay, the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of
the scale of pay of a lower division clerk, but does not exceed Rs. 480/-
per mensum on any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this
regard in the successive revisions of pay scales granted by the State
Government from time to time shall be reserved in favour of local
candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such cadre."
3. In exercise of the powers under sub-para(1) Paragraph 3 of the
'Presidential Order, 1975' the Andhra Pradesh State Government issued
G.O.P. No.729 dated 1st Novemer,1975, whereby 70% of non-gazetted category
posts other than Lower Division Clerk or equivalent posts were reserved in
favour of local candidates. By G.O.P. No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 the
State Government prescribed certain procedures to be followed in conducting
recruitment to the posts. Annexure III to the said G.O.P. deals with the
procedure to be followed for selection of candidates for recruitment to the
categories of posts for which multiple cadre recruitment is made. As per
paragraph 5 of the annexure a combined merit list a local and non-local
candidates shall be drawn up to fill up the vacancies.
4. Later, the Andhra Pradesh State Government issued G.O.Ms. No.124
dated 7th March, 2002, whereby G.O.P. No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 was
amended by bifurcating combined merit list into two parts i.e. one reserved
for local candidates and another for both local and non-local candidates.
5. On 28th December, 1999, the Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission
(hereinafter referred to as the "APPSC") issued Advertisement NO.10 of 1999
to fill up certain Executive and Non-Executive Posts of 27 categories
under Group-II services of State Government. As per the said Advertisement
selection was to be made on the basis of marks obtained in written test
plus oral test for executive posts and only on the basis of marks obtained
in the interview, the written test for non-executive posts. Later the State
Government withdrew that part of the advertisement which called for
applications to 141 vacant posts of Assistant Section Officers.
Accordingly, more than 3 lacs candidates appeared in the written
examination and among them 269 persons were called for interview for
appointment to the executive posts on the basis of marks obtained in the
written examination. After concluding interviews, 104 candidates were
selected for executive posts in December 2000. Subsequently, in view of an
order passed by the Tribunal in O.a.No.7443 of 2000, filed against the non-
exclusion of 141 posts of Assistant Section Officers 113 candidates
including the appellants were recommended for non-executive posts i.e.
Asstt. Sections Officers in February, 2002 based on marks obtained in
written test.
Subsequently, as per the directions of the High Court, 973 Executive posts
were included in Advertisement No.10 of 1999 and more than 2000 candidates
along with the appellants were called for interview on the basis of the
marks obtained in the written examination. Thereafter, the APPSC selected
973 candidates for executive posts on the basis of written plus oral test
and prepared common merit list by including 104 candidates who were already
appointed against executive posts.
6. Some of the candidates filed applications before Tribunal to
implement G.O.Ms. No.124 dated 7th March, 2002 which was allowed by the
Tribunal with a direction to the APPSC to re-caste the merit list by
implementing the G.O.Ms. No.124. Being aggrieved by the said direction,
when the appellants filed Writ Petitions, the High Court while dismissed
the same directing to exclude the present appellants and other A.S.Os from
consideration to the executive posts.
As the above said direction of the High Court created an anomaly
restricting the meritorious candidates, already appointed Asstt. Sections
Officers who were appointed to the to lower non-executive posts and less
meritorious candidates were to get higher posts in executive cadres, the
appellants have challenged the same.
7. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that G.O.Ms. No.124
dated 7th March, 2002 cannot be applied retrospectively to the selection
already in process or selection already made, particularly when the State
Government's order is a part of substantive law and not procedural law. It
is further contended that G.O.Ms.124 dated 7th March, 2002 is null and void
having issued after lapse of period of limitation prescribed in sub-para(1)
of Paragraph 3 of the Presidential Order, 1975. Further, according to the
counsel for the appellants, G.O.Ms.124 dated 7th March, 2002 is ultra vires
of Presidential Order, 1975 and G.O.P. No.729 dated 1st November, 1975 and
G.O.P. No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 issued in pursuance of Paragraph
3(1) of the Presidential Order, 1975.
8. We have heard learned counsel for the parties, perused the records
and relevant notifications relating to reservation of posts issued from
time to time.
The questions that arise for determination in this case are: (a)whether
G.O.Ms.124 dated 7th March, 2002 is retrospective in nature in order to
make it applicable to the posts for which selection process has already
started pursuant to 1999 advertisement, and (b) If the said G.O.Ms. is
retrospective, whether it is required to review the entire select list
disturbing the appointments already made during the period between the 2001
and 7th March, 2002.
9. The Presidential Order, 1975 by virtue of sub-paragraph (1) of
Paragraph 3 empowers the State Government to organize classes of posts in
civil services under the State into different local cadres in different
parts of State within 27 months from the commencement of the said order.
Paragraph 3 of the order empowers the State to organize Local Cadres, which
is as follows:
"3. Organization of local cadres :- (1) The State Government shall within a
period of * twenty-seven months [Vide G.O. Ms. No. 728, G.A. (SPF.A) Dept,
dt. 27-10-1977]from the commencement of this Order, organize classes of
posts in the civil services of and classes of civil posts under the State
into different local cadres for different parts of the State to the extent
and in the manner, hereinafter provided.
Provided that, notwithstanding the expiration of the said period, the
President may by order, require the State Government, whenever he considers
it expedient so to do, to organize any classes of posts in the civil
services of and classes of civil posts under the State into different local
cadres or different parts of the State.(Vide G.O. Ms. No. 34, G.A. (SPF.A)
Dept, date 24-1-81)
(2) The posts belonging to the category of lower division clerk and each of
the other categories equivalent to, or lower than that of a lower division
clerk, in each department in each district shall be organized into separate
cadre.
Explanation:- For the purposes of this sub-paragraph, sub-paragraph(1) of
paragraph 6, and sub-paragraph (1) of paragraph 8 a category shall be
deemed to be equivalent to or lower than that of a lower division clerk if
the minimum of the scale of pay of a post belonging to that category or
where the post carries a fixed pay, such fixed pay is equal to or lower
than the minimum of the scale of pay of a lower division clerk.
(3) The posts belonging to each non gazetted category, other than those
referred to in sub-paragraph (2), in each department in each zone shall be
organized into a separate cadre.
(4) The posts belonging to each specified gazetted category in each
department in each zone shall be organized into a separate cadre.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-paragraph (3) and (4), the
State Government may where it considers it expedient so to do and with the
approval of the Central Government, organized the posts belonging to any of
the categories referred to therein, in any department, or any establishment
thereof, in two or more contiguous zones into a single cadre.
(6) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub Paragraphs (2), (3), (4) and
(5), the Central Government; may notify the departments in which
and the categories of posts for which a separate cadre has to be organized
for the City of Hyderabad and on such notification, the posts belonging to
each such category in each such department in the said City (other than
those concerned with the administration of areas falling outside, the said
City) shall be organize into a separate cadre and the posts so organized in
pursuance of this paragraph or Constituted otherwise and comprising posts
belonging to the category in that department.
(7) In organising a separate cadre in respect of any category of posts in
any department for any part of the State, nothing in this Order shall be
deemed to prevent the State Government from organising or continuing more
than one cadre in respect of such category is such department for such part
of the State.
(8) Where the Central Government is satisfied that it is not practicable or
expedient to organize local cadres under this paragraph in respect of any
non gazetted category of posts in any department, it may, by notification,
make a declaration to that effect and on such declaration the provisions of
this paragraph shall not apply to such category of posts."
Each district is regarded as a 'Local area' as per paragraph 6, which
is as follows:
"6. Local areas:- (1) Each district shall be regarded as a local area-
(i) for direct recruitment to posts in any local cadre under the State
Government comprising all or any of the posts in any department in that
district belonging to the category of a lower division clerk or to any
other category equivalent to or lower than that of a lower division clerk.
(ii) for direct recruitment to posts in any cadre under any local authority
within under that district carrying a scale of pay, the minimum of which
does not exceed the minimum of the scale of pay of a lower division clerk
or a fixed pay not exceeding that amount.
(2) Each Zone shall be regarded as a local area-
(1) for direct recruitment to posts in any local cadre under the State
Government comprising all or any of the posts in any department in that
zone belonging to any non-gazetted category other than those referred to
in sub paragraph (1);
(ii) for direct recruitment to posts in any local cadre comprising all or
any of the post in any department in that zone belonging to the categories
of Tehsildars, Asst. Executive Engineers, Assistant Agricultural Officers,
Inspectors of Police and Motor Vehicle Inspectors (Vide G.O. Ms. No.
498,dt. 16-7-1977 G.O.Ms. No. 34, dt. 24-1-1981 and G. O. Ms. No. 635,
G.A.(SPF. A) Dept. dated 30-11-1993)
(iii) For direct recruitment to posts in any cadre under any local
authority within that zone, carrying a scale of pay, the minimum of which
exceeds the minimum of the scale of pay of a lower division clerk but does
not exceed Rs. 480/- per mensum or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of
the scale of pay of a lower division clerk but does not exceed Rs. 480/-
per mensum or any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this
regard in the successive revisions or pay scales granted by the State
Government from time of time. (G.O.Ms. 635, G.A. (SPF.A) Dept. dated 30-11-
93.17)
Provided that where a single cadre has been organized for two or more zones
under sub-paragraph (5) of paragraph 3 of posts belonging to any of the
categories referred to in clause (i) or clause (ii) each of such zones
shall be regarded as separate local area in respect of such cadre.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-paragraphs (1) and (2),-
(i) the City of Hyderabad shall be regarded as a local area for direct
recruitment to posts in any local cadre under the State Government
comprising all or any of the posts in the said City in the departments and
belonging to the categories notified under Sub-paragraph (6) of paragraph 3
and the said City shall be excluded from the local area relatable to any
other local cadre comprising posts in the departments and belonging to the
categories so notified; and
(ii) the City of Hyderabad shall be regarded as a local area for direct
recruitment to posts in any cadre under a local authority within the said
City comprising posts carrying a scale of pay the minimum of which does not
exceed Rs. 480/- per mensum or any amount corresponding to it as may be
specified in this regarded in the successive revisions of pay scales
granted by the State Government from time to time, or a fixed pay not
exceeding that amount, and the said City shall be excluded from the local
area relatable to any cadre under any local authority not within the said
City. (G.O. Ms.No. 635, G. A. (SPF. A) Dept. dated 30-11-93)
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained sub-paragraphs (1), (2) and (3).
(1) the districts of Medak, Ranga Reddy and Hyderabad shall be regarded as
a local area for direct recruitment to posts in any cadre under the
Hyderabad Urban Development Authority comprising posts, carrying a scale of
pay, the minimum of which does not exceed the minimum of
the scale of pay of lower division clerk or a fixed pay not exceeding that
amount.
(ii) Zone VI shall be regarded as a local area for direct recruitment to
posts in any cadre under the Hyderabad Urban Development Authority
comprising posts, carrying a scale of pay, the minimum of which exceeds the
scale of pay of a lower division clerk but does not exceed Rs. 480/- per
mensum, or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of the scale of the pay of
a lower division clerk but does not exceed Rs. 480/- per mensum J-698/318
or any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this regard in the
successive revisions of pay scales granted by the State Government from
time to time.(Vide G.O.Ms. No. 498, G. A. (SPF. A) Dept. dt. 16-7-77 and
G.O. Ms.No. 34, G. A. (SPF. A.) Dept, dt. 24-1-1981.)"
"Local candidates" for direct recruitment to any post in relation to
the local area is defined in paragraph 7 as follows:
"7. Local Candidate:- (1) A candidate for direct recruitment to any post
shall be regarded as a local candidate in relation to a local area.-
(a) in cases where a minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the posts-
(i) If he has studied in an educational institution or educational
institutions in such local area for a period of not less than four
consecutive academic years ending with the academic year in which he
appeared or, as the case may be, first appeared for the relevant qualifying
examination; or
(ii) where during the whole or any part of the four consecutive academic
years ending with the academic year in which he appeared or as the case may
be, first appeared for the relevant qualifying examination he has not
studied in any educational institution, if he has resided in that local
area for a period of not less than four years immediately preceding the
date of commencement of the qualifying examination in which he appeared or
as the case may be, first appeared.
(b) In cases where no minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the post, if he has resided in that local area for a
period of not less than four years immediately preceding the date on which
the post is notified for recruitment.
Explanations:- For the purpose of this paragraph.-
(i) 'educational institution' means a University or any educational
institution recognised by the State Government, a University or other
competent authority;
(ii) 'relevant qualifying examination' in relation to a post means;
(A) the examination, a pass in which is the minimum educational
qualification prescribed for the post;
(B) the Matriculation examination or an examination declared by the State
Government to be equivalent to the Matriculation examination;
which is lower ; and
(iii) in reckoning the consecutive academic years during which a candidate
has studied, any period of interruption of his study be reason of his
failure to pass any examination shall be disregarded.
(iv) the question, whether any candidate for direct recruitment to any post
has resided in any local area shall be determined with reference to the
places where the candidate actually resided and not with reference to the
residence of his parents or other guardian (Vide G.O.Ms. No. 168, G.A.
(SPF.A) Dept. dt.10-3-77).
(2) A candidate for direct recruitment to any post who is not regarded as
a local candidate under sub-paragraph (1) in relation to any local area
shall.-
(a) in cases where a minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the post.
(i) If he has studies in educational institutions in that State for a
period of not less than seven consecutive academic years ending with
academic year in which he appeared or as the case may be, first appeared
for the relevant qualifying examination be regarded as a local candidate in
relation to
(1) Such local area where he has studied for the maximum period out of the
said period of seven years; or
(2) where the period of his study in two or more local areas are equal,
such local areas where he has studied last in such equal periods;
(ii) If during the whole or any part of the seven consecutive academic
years ending with the academic years in which he appeared or as the case
may be first appeared for the relevant qualifying examination, he has not
studied in the educational institutions in any local areas, but has resided
in the State during the whole of the said period of seven years, be
regarded as a local candidate in relation to
(1) such local area where he has resided for a maximum period out of the
said period of seven years : or (2) where the periods of his residence in
two or more local areas are equal, such local area where he has resided
last in such equal periods ;
(b) in cases where no minimum educational qualification has been prescribed
for recruitment to the post, if he has resided in the State for period of
not less than seven years immediately preceding the date on which the post
is notified for recruitment, be regarded as a local candidate in relation
to
(i) such local area where he has resided for the maximum period out of the
said period of seven years ; or (ii) where the periods of his residence is
two or more local areas are equal such local area where he has resided last
in such equal periods.(G.O.Ms. No. 168, dated 10-3-1977)"
Paragraph 8 mandates reservation in the matter of direct recruitment
relevant of which is quoted below:
"8. Reservation in the matter of Direct Recruitment:- (1) 80% of the
posts to be filled by direct recruitment any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to the category of lower division clerk or a Category equivalent
to or lower than that lower division clerk; and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising post carrying a scale
of pay the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which does not exceed the
minimum of the scale of pay or a lower division clerk, shall be reserved in
favour of local candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such
cadre.
(2) 70% of the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at any time-
(a) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to non-gazetted categories other than those referred to in item
(a) of sub-paragraph (1); and
(b) in any cadre under a local authority comprising posts carrying a scale
of pay, the minimum of which, or a fixed pay which exceeds the minimum of
the scale of pay of a lower division clerk, but does not exceed Rs. 480/-
per mensum on any amount corresponding to it as may be specified in this
regard in the successive revisions of pay scales granted by the State
Government from time to time shall be reserved in favour of local
candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such cadre. (G.O.Ms.
No. 635, G. A. (SPF.A) Dept, dated 30-11-93).
(3) 60 % of the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at any time in any
local cadre under the State Government comprising posts belonging to the
categories of Tehsildars, Assistant Executive Engineers, Assistant
Agricultural Officers, Inspector of Police and Motor Vehicle Inspectors
shall be reserved in favour of local candidates in relation to the local
area in respect of such cadre.(G.O.Ms. No. 498, G.A. (SPF. A) Dept, Dt. 16-
7-1977)(G.O.Ms. No. 34, G.A. (SPF. A) Dept, Dt. 24-1-1981)(G.O.Ms. No. 635,
G.A. (SPF. A) Dept, Dt. 30-11-1993).
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-paragraph (2) or sub-
paragraph(3) where, in respect of any of the categories referred to in the
said paragraph a single cadre has been organized for two or more zones
under sub-paragraph (5) of paragraph 3, 70% or as the case may be, 60 % of
the posts to be filled by direct recruitment at anytime in such cadre shall
be reserved in favour of and allocated amongst the local candidates in
relation to each of the local areas in respect of such cadre in the ratio
specified in the Second Schedule against the zone comprising each such
local area.
(5) 60% of the posts under the State Government belonging to the category
of Civil Assistant Surgeons to be filled by direct recruitment at any time
shall be reserved in favour of and allocated amongst the local candidates
in relation to the local area specified in column (1) the Table below in
the respective ratios specified in the corresponding entry is column (2)
thereof."
Paragraph 9 deals with carry forward of reserved posts, if no
candidate is available, which is as follows:
"(9) Carry forward of reserved posts:- If a qualified local candidate in
respect of a local area is not available to fill a post reserved or
allocated in favour of a local candidate in respect of that local area,
such post shall be carried forward for recruitment of a local candidate in
respect of that local area for period not exceeding three years;
Provided that pending recruitment of a local candidate, such post may be
filled in temporarily by borrowing the service of a person holding a post
of the same category in any other local cadre or under any other local
authority as the case may be (Vide G.O. Ms. No. 34,dt. 24-1-1981)."
Paragraph 11 stipulates that the order to have overriding effect over
Statute, Ordinance, Rule, Regulation or other order made before or after
the commencement of the said Order in respect of direct recruitment to
posts under the State Government or any local authority.
10. After publication of the Presidential Order 1975 the Government of
Andhra Pradesh by G.O.P. No.729 dated 1st November, 1975, intimated the
Scheme of the Order and directed the authorities to furnish District-wise
list in case of categories of Lower Divisional Clerk and equivalent or
lower categories and Zone-wise list in the case of higher categories.
11. Referring to the Presidential Order, 1975, Government of Andhra
Pradesh issued G.O.P No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 communicating the
Scheme and the procedure to be followed in such appointments relevant
portion of which reads as follows:
"2. Recruitment of candidates is basically of two types size, single unit
i.e. single cadre recruitment and multiple unit i.e., multiple cadre
recruitment. Where recruitment is made to fill vacancies in a single cadre
i.e., single unit of appointment comprising posts in a given category for a
particular department, it can be categorized as single cadre recruitment.
Where recruitment is made to fill vacancies in more than one cadre (i.e.,
for than one unit of appointment in the same or different parts of the
State) comprising posts in a given category or different categories in one
or more department, such recruitment will be multiple units or multiple
cadre recruitment. For example when recruitment is made to fill vacancies
of Lower Division Clerk in a district in one department, it becomes single
cadre recruitment. Where, however, a combined recruitment is made to fill
up the posts of Lower Division Clerks in a district in more than one
department of where a combined recruitment to fill vacancies in
similar categories like Lower Division Clerks, Typists, Stenographers etc.,
in one district in one or more departments is made, it becomes multiple
cadre recruitment.
3. Recruitment to a single multi-zonal cadre contemplated under
the Presidential Order and to the category of Civil Assistant Surgeons will
also come under the category of single cadre recruitment but with the
difference that preference in the matter of direct recruitment in such
cases is to be given to local candidates not one local area but of the
different local areas covered by such cadre in the ratio prescribed in the
Presidential Order.
4. Multiple cadre recruitment may take different forms especially
in the implementation of the proposed Presidential Order on the
organization of local cadres. It may take the form of:
(a) Recruitment to fill up the vacancies in a single category for
different local cadres or different parts of the State (local areas) in one
department, e.g. recruitment of Clerks in the Judicial Department for
Courts in the districts undertaken by the Andhra Pradesh Public Service
Commission.
(b) Recruitment to fill up the vacancies in identical or different
categories in different local cadres in different departments in one part
of the State (local area) e.g., recruitment of Group-IV services undertaken
by the Collectors now.
(c) Recruitment to fill up the vacancies in different categories in
different local cadres in different departments of different parts of the
Ste (local areas) e.g. recruitment of Group-II Services undertaken by the
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission.
5. The State Government have considered the manner in which the
scheme of reservation in favour of local candidates provided in the Andhra
Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of
Direct Recruitment) Order, 1975 should be implemented taking into account
the provisions made in regard to appointments in favour of Backward
Classes, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and have decided
that the procedure set out in the Annexure to this order may be followed in
this regard.
6. The procedure set out in Annexure-I to this order is to be followed
for selection of candidates for recruitment of the categories of posts of
which single cadre recruitment is made. The procedure set out in Annexure-
II will apply to selection of candidates of recruitment of every category
of posts for which a Multi-zonal cadre is set up and also in the matter of
recruitment of the category of Civil Assistant Surgeons where the posts
reserved in favour of local candidates are required to be appointed in the
prescribed ratio among local candidates of different local areas covered by
such cadre. The procedure set out in Annexure-III to this order is to be
followed for selection of candidates for recruitment to the categories of
posts for which multiple cadre recruitment is made.
7. All the recruiting authorities and appointing authorities are
requested to follow the instructions annexed to the said G.O.P. No.763
dated 15th November, 1975 while making recruitment either temporary or
regular, to posts coming within the ambit of paragraph 8 of the Andhra
Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of
Direct Recruitment) Order, 1975."
12. On 13th December, 2001, the President of India in exercise of the
powers conferred by clauses (1) and (2) of Article 371-D of the
constitution of India, amending the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment
(Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of Direct Recruitment) Order,
1975 namely - the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local
Cadres and Regulation of Direct Recruitment)Amendment) Order, 2001
published by the Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs S.O.
1219(E). The said Amendment Order reads as follows:
"2. In the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Organization of Local Cadres
and Regulation of Direct Recruitment) Order 1975:-
(1) In paragraph 2 in Sub-Paragraph (1), to clause (a) the following
shall be added namely:-
"The territorial Jurisdiction in respect of the posts belonging to
the Department of School Education shall be the Revenue District of
Hyderabad."
(2) In paragraph 8, in Sub-paragraph(1) after item (b), the following
item shall be deemed to have been added with effect from the 1st June 2001,
namely;-
"C (i) in any local cadre under the State Government comprising posts
belonging to the categories of Teachers in the Andhra Pradesh School
Education Subordinate Service and other similar or equivalent categories of
posts of teachers under any Department of the State Government; and
(ii) in any cadre under a local authority or under any such other
management, as may be notified by the State Government from time to time
carrying a scale of pay equal to that of posts in the Andhra Pradesh School
Education Subordinate Service shall be reserved in favour of local
candidates in relation to the local area in respect of such cadre."
(3) In paragraph 8, in Sub-paragraph (2) in item (a) for the words and
figure "in item (a) of Sub-paragraph (1)", the words and figure "in item
(a) or in item (c) of sub-paragraph (1)", shall be substituted."
13. The Government of Andhra Pradesh by G.O.Ms. No.8 dated 8th January,
2002 referring to paragraph 8 of the Presidential Order, 1975 made
amendment in the procedure prescribed in paragraph 3 and 4 of Annexure-I to
G.O.P.No.763 dated 15th November, 1975. The said GOMs. Reads as follows:
"GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION (SPF-A) DEPARTMENT
G.O.Ms.No.8 Dated:08.01.2002
Read the following
G.O.Ms.No.674, GA(SPF-A) Department, dated 20.10.1975
G.O.P.No.729, GA(SPF-A) Department, dated 01.11.1975.
G.O.P.No.763, (SPF-A) Department, dated 15.11.1975
U.O. Note NO.237/SPF-A/85-2, GA(SPF-A) Department, dated 20.05.1985
G.O.Ms.No.2, G.A.(SPF-A) Department, dated 03.01.2002.
O R D E R
In terms of para-8 of the Andhra Pradesh Public employment
(Organization of Local Cadres and Regulation of Direct Recruitment) Order,
1975, i.e, Presidential Order, referred to in the reference first read
above, in the case of District Cadres, 80% of the posts under Direct
Recruitment are reserved for local candidates, as defined in para-7 of the
Presidential Order. The remaining 20% of the posts are open posts for which
local and non-locals have to be considered on the basis of combined merit.
This aspect has already been clarified in the U.O. Note fourth read above.
The Government have also issued instructions in the G.O. third read above
in the manner in which the posts have to be filled up.
2. Government have re-examined the matter of filling up of the posts as
prescribed in the G.O. third read above. Accordingly it is decided that
while filling up of the posts under Direct Recruitment, the first 20% of
posts should be filled following combined merit list of locals and non-
locals and, thereafter, the remaining 80% of the posts shall be filled up
by locals only. However, while filling up of the posts the special
representation under Rule 22 of the A.P. State and Subordinate Service
Rules shall be followed suitably.
3. Accordingly the following amendment is issued to the procedure
prescribed in paras 3 and 4 of the Annexure I to the G.O.(P) No.763,
General Administrative (SPF.A) Department, dated 15th November, 1975.
4. In respect of the Annexure-II & III to the G.O. 3rd read above
orders will be issued separately.
AMENDMENT
5. In the said orders, in the Annexure-I,
(i) for paragraphs 3 and 4 the following shall be substituted
namely,
"Para 3: The provisional list shall be divided into two parts. The first
part will comprise first 20% of the list. The second part will comprise the
balance 80%. In case the provisional list does not contain any non-local
candidate in the second part the list shall be approved.
Para 4: If, however, on the scrutiny referred to in para 3 it is found
that there are non-local candidates in the second part of the list, then
these candidates shall be removed and replaced by local candidates ensuring
that the rule of reservation is followed.
(ii) the illustrations thereunder shall be omitted.
(BY ORDER AND IN THE NAME OF THE GOVERNOR OF ANDHRA PRADESH)"
14. It was followed by G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th March, 2002, whereby the
Government of Andhra Pradesh amended the procedure prescribed in Annexure
II and III of G.O.Ms.No.763 dated 15th November, 1975 which reads as
follows:
"GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
O R D E R
In the G.O. 6th read above, orders were issued that while filling up
of the posts under Direct Recruitment, the first 20% of posts should be
filled following combined merit list of locals and non-locals (i.e. Open
Category) and, thereafter, the remaining 80% of the posts shall be filled
up by locals only. While filling up of the posts the special representation
under Rule 22 of the A.P. State and Subordinate Service Rules shall be
followed strictly. It was also ordered therein that the amendments to the
Annexures II and III to the G.O. third read above be issued separately.
2. Accordingly, the following amendments are issued to the procedure
prescribed in the Annexures II and III to the G.O.Ms.No.763, G.A.(SPF-A)
Department, dated 15th November, 1975.
A M E N D M E N T S
In the said Government orders,
(1) In the Annexure - II,
(i) for paragraphs 3 and 4, the following shall be substituted, namely,
"3: The Provisional list shall be divided into two parts. The first
part shall comprise 30% of the posts consisting of combined merit lists of
locals as well as non-locals and the remaining second part shall comprise
the balance 70% of the posts consisting of locals only and the posts shall
be filled duly following the rule of reservation."
(2) in the Annexure - III, for paragraph 3, the following shall be
substituted, namely,
"3: The provisional list shall be divided into two parts. The first
part shall comprise 40% of the posts consisting of combined merit lists of
locals as well as non-locals and the remaining second part shall comprises
the balance 60% of the posts consisting of locals only and the posts shall
be filled duly following the rule of reservation."
15. The applicability of the aforesaid G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th March,
2002 is in dispute in the present case.
16. In Shah Bhojraj Kuverji Oil Mills and Ginning Factory v. Subhash
Chandra Yograj Sinha, AIR 1961 SC 1596, the Constitution Bench of this
Court while considering the question as to whether an Act is to be made
operative prospectively or retrospectively held:
"12............ a section may be prospective in some parts and
retrospective in other parts. While it is the ordinary rule that
substantive rights should not be held to be taken away except by express
provision or clear implication, many Acts, though prospective in form, have
been given retrospective operation, if the intention of the legislature is
apparent."
17. In Mst. Rafiquennessa vs. Lal Bahadur Chetri and others, AIR 1964 SC
1511, another five-Judge Bench of this Court while dealing with the
question of effect of retrospective legislation on vested rights observed:
"It is not disputed by him that the legislature is competent to take away
vested rights by means of retrospective legislation. Similarly, the
legislature is undoubtedly competent to make laws which override and
materially affect the terms of contracts between the parties; but the
argument is that unless a clear and unambiguous intention is indicated by
the legislature by adopting suitable express words in that behalf, no
provision of a statute should be given retrospective operation if by such
operation vested rights are likely to be affected. These principles are
unexceptionable and as a matter of law, no objection can be taken to them."
18. In absence of any express or necessarily implied provision in the
statute, normally statute affects the rights prospectively.
A statutory provision is held to be retrospective either when it is
so declared by express terms, or the intention to make retrospective
clearly follows from the relevant words and the context in which they
occur.
19. The Presidential Order, 1975 was issued in exercise of powers under
clauses (1) and (2) of Article 371-D of the Constitution empowering the
State Government under sub-paragraph (1) of paragraph 3 of the said order
to organize any class of posts in the civil services under the State into
different local cadres in different parts of the State within 27 months
from the commencement of the said order. Under proviso to sub-paragraph (1)
it is stated that notwithstanding the expiration of the said period, the
President may by order, require the State Government whenever he considers
it expedient to do so to organize any class of posts in civil services of
and any class of civil posts under the State into different local cadres or
different parts of the State. By Presidential order, 1975 the State
Government has not been empowered to pass any order under sub-paragraph (1)
of paragraph 3 or paragraph 8 with retrospective effect. Apart from the
fact that the State Government was not empowered by the Presidential Order,
1975 to pass any orders with retrospective date, in absence of any terms or
the intention to make it retrospective date, the G.O.Ms. No.124 dated 7th
March, 2002 cannot be given effect from a retrospective date.
20. In any case, the State Government cannot pass any order amending a
procedural law regarding reservation in the matter of selection to posts,
with retrospective effect, once the procedure of selection starts.
21. For the reasons aforesaid, we hold that the G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th
March, 2002 is prospective and is not applicable to the process of
selection started pursuant to Advertisement No.10 of 1999 including the 973
executive posts which were ordered to be filled up by the High Court
pursuant to the advertisement. The Tribunal erred in directing the APPSC to
re-caste the merit list pursuant to G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th March, 2002.
The High Court by the impugned judgment dated 27th December, 2004 rightly
held that the order passed by the Court will not affect the appointments
already made to the executive post between 2001-2002 but erred in holding
that the selection is to be made in accordance with G.O.Ms.No.124 dated 7th
March, 2002
22. For the reasons aforesaid, we set aside the orders passed by the
Andhra Pradesh Administrative Tribunal and the impugned common judgment
dated 27th December, 2004 and the impugned common order dated 28th
December, 2004 passed by the Division Bench of the High Court of
Judicature, Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in Writ Petition Nos. 20106 of
2004, 21558 of 2004, etc.
In view of the foregoing discussions, we direct the respondents to
fill up the rest of the posts including the posts of Municipal
Commissioners Grade-III, Asstt. Commercial Tax Officers, Asstt. Labour
Officers in executive cadre and Asstt. Section Officers in non executive
cadre, which are vacant, as per President Order, 1975 and the Government
orders in consonance with the Presidential Order which were prevailing in
the year 1999 when the Advertisement was issued. The inter se seniority
between the persons appointed in the 1st round and the persons appointed
afterwards in the same cadre, if any, shall be decided by the appropriate
authority in accordance with the rules, depending on the merit ranking
obtained by them.
23. We direct the authority to complete the process of selection
expeditiously preferably within three months. The appeals are allowed with
aforesaid observations and directions.
.................................................J.
(SUDHANSU JYOTI MUKHOPADHAYA)
.................................................J.
NEW DELHI; (V. GOPALA GOWDA)
FEBRUARY 18, 2015.
